https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/issue/feedTishreen University Journal -Basic Sciences Series2023-11-18T08:29:29+00:00Cheif Editortishreenjournal.basic@tishreen.edu.syOpen Journal Systems<p>Print ISSN:2079-3057 , Online ISSN: 2663-4252</p>https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/16058The Effect of Harmonic Distortion in Capacitive and Inductive Loads on the Performance of Electrical Grids in Huge Projects (FADEN Spectrum Phenomenon - an example)2023-09-15T20:17:26+00:00hazar shtathaza.shtat@tishreen.edu<p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>This research deals with the study, analysis and treatment of a strange phenomenon that suddenly appeared during the installation of a huge screen belonging to FADEN Spectrum Company on one of the huge towers in the city of Al-Khobar in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with area of 2000 m2, consisting of 2000 cabins and feeding 2000 cells, each cell having an area of 1 m2.</p> <p> </p> <p>This phenomenon includes two things: The first is the appearance of an annoying noise emanating from the main feed box (MDB), and the noise increases exponentially with the increase in lighting intensity to become a noise of 90 dB at 60% illumination and 155 dB at 100% illumination.</p> <p> </p> <p>As for the second, most surprising thing, it is the cables getting hot at a point that exiting from the panel ceiling only, where the temperature reached #83C, noting that the cables before and after this point were not affected by this temperature at all, so that temperature was #28C before the entry point, and the same temperature after the exit point, while the iron metal of the panel ceiling was clearly affected, that also recorded #83C.</p>2023-11-18T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15947An Investigation In The Inclucion Theorem Which Related To Lorentz Spaces2023-09-11T12:01:58+00:00ali jasserali93.jasser@tishreen.edu.sy Mohamad Aliali93.jasser@tishreen.edu.syHassan Baddourali93.jasser@tishreen.edu.sy<p>In this paper, we studied a problem at functional analysis, it is the inclusion of function spaces, especially we studied the inclusion between Lorentz space type (r,p,q), In the beginning, we introduced this space and then, we studied some of its basic properties where we proved that it is non-empty, linear, quasi-normed and complete space, then we proved the inclusion of this space for different cases of the parameters, First for1≤q_1≤q_2<∞ , then for 0≤r_2≤r_1<∞ , <br>after that for 0≤r_2≤r_1<∞ & و1≤q_1≤q_2<∞ at the same time. <br>In addition to some other inclusion cases. <br>Then, we proved one of the cases of inclusion between these spaces and bounded stummel modulus classes type (r, q,α).</p>2023-11-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15637Effect of the hydrothermal treatment and amount of structure directing agent on the surface properties for SBA-15 mesostructure2023-07-30T14:24:41+00:00Reem AlmorshidiReemalmoorshidi@gmail.comIbrahim Rahebjournal@tishreen.edu.syHusam Al_din Kawassejournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p> Six samples of SBA-15 mesostructure were prepared. Process was proceeded with constant amount of TEOS, at different temperatures (70,100 and 130 Cº) using different amounts of P123 as structure directing agent (SDA).</p> <p>Results showed that both, the temperature of the hydrothermal treatment and the amount of (SDA) clearly affect on isothermal adsorption curves and the all pore structure factors. When the mass of SDA was 23 m.mol at different temperature (70,100,130 Cº) the specific surface area was 640,734 and 382 m<sup>2</sup>/g respectively.</p> <p>Where at constant temperature 100 Cº and different mass of SDA (23, 46, 69 m.mol ) the surface area was 734,852,832 m<sup>2</sup>/g respectively .The distribution of pore volume also was changed.</p>2023-11-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15624Extraction of lanthanum (III) ion from aqueous solutions using Formazan reagent by liquid-liquid method2023-07-30T14:22:13+00:00Ali Mohamed ali.mohammed@tishreen.edu.syMohammad Ghafarjournal@tishreen.edu.syMaher Daisjournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>The current study included a liquid-liquid extraction of the trivalent lanthanum ion by means of the reagent ((3,1-diphenyl-5-(p-nitrophenyl)formazane)), and the effect of various factors was studied on the percentage of extraction and the extraction coefficient, including the pH of the medium. , Mixing the two phases, the concentration of the studied ion, and also the effect of the presence of some competitive positive ions, and the effect of the extraction process in batches, in addition to studying the effect of the ratio of the organic phase to the aqueous phase.</p> <p>The results of this research showed that the best equilibrium time was at 90 minutes, and the best PH degree was at PH = 5. As for the extraction process in batches, the results showed that it was not very effective, so it was better to extract in one batch to save effort and time.</p> <p>The value of the distribution coefficient and the transition ratio increased with the increase in the concentration of the lanthanium ion in the aqueous phase, and this behavior was expected due to the continuous interaction between the ions and the formazan. As for the effect of the presence of some positive ions competing for the lanthanium ion, the greatest effect was the triple chromium ion (Cr<sup>3+</sup>).</p> <p>In general, and through the results of the research, it is noted that the formazan reagent can be used effectively in the process of extracting ternary lanthanum from aqueous solutions, and later used in extracting it from real samples such as solutions resulting from phosphates and phosphogypsum</p>2023-11-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15547Preparation and Characterization of high surface area material from natural Syrian zeolite TS-72023-07-30T14:13:38+00:00Hussam Alrakkadhussamizaldienalrakkad@tishreen.edu.sy<p>The porous silica Si- TS-7 has been prepared from Syrian natural zeolite TS-7. Natural zeolite was treated with hydrochloric acid 10%wt for 24h at 20<sup>o</sup>C. The product was filtered to remove the precipitate. Filtrate has been used to produce solid base in previous work. The precipitate has washed with distilled water and dried at 110<sup>o</sup>C for 24h and calcined at 500<sup>o</sup>C for 4h. The resulted material Si-TS-7 was characterized by TG-DTA and FTTR, XRD BET methods. The results showed that the Si-TS-7 consist of silica mainly. Textural properties study showed that the adsorption isotherm belongs to type IV according to the classification of Singh and colleagues, which is characterized by the presence of a hysteresis loop that indicates the presence of the phenomenon of capillary condensation and presence of high specific surface area of 412m<sup>2</sup>/g compared to crude zeolite.</p>2023-09-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15542Determination of the concentrations of some organophosphorus pesticides in the muscle tissue of exotic fish (Siganus rivlatus) spread on the beach of Latakia city2023-09-30T22:26:33+00:00Hussam Alddin Laikahussamlaika71@gmail.com<p>This research focused on determining the concentrations of some organophosphorus pesticides in the muscle tissue of exotic fish (Siganus rivlatus) in five different areas of the coast of Latakia city (northern estuary of the Kabir River, Marfa, Afamia, Sports City and Sakiet Musa) in winter 2023.</p> <p>A significant increase in the total concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides was observed in fact significantly affected by wastewater and agricultural activities, commercial activity at the port site (6895 ± 35.12ng/g), the northern estuary of the Kabir River (3243.71 ± 32.1ng/g), the Apamea site (1161.62±34.67ng/g) and the Sakiet Moussa estuary site (774.41 ± 33.75ng/g) in increasing their concentrations in the muscle tissues of sandy exotic fish compared to the Sports City site (169.75 ± 29.38ng/g) relatively far from sources Direct pollution.</p> <p>The results showed a high values of the standard deviation coefficient between the fish of each site on the one hand, and between the fish of different sites on the other hand, which can be attributed to the effect of both the feeding pattern (herbivorous fish), in addition to the different morphological characteristics of the studied fish (height and weight) and the age of the fish in the different concentrations of these pesticides, This was confirmed by the strong correlations between concentrations and the length and weight of the fish studied.</p> <p>The accumulation of organophosphorus pesticides across the food chain in the muscle tissue of the sand exotic fish (<em>Siganus</em> rivlatus) being lipophilic has negative consequences on fish on the one hand, in addition to the negative effects on the top of the pyramid in this food chain, which is human, which leads to serious diseases and significant negative effects on it.</p>2023-11-18T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15509Studing the luminescence and excitation of Calcium Fluoride and matching it with computer.2023-08-19T19:06:05+00:00Nawaf IsmaelNawafismael454545@gamil.comBurhan Dalatijournal@tishreen.edu.sy Mahmoud Ahmadjournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>Calcium fluoride was prepared using the chemical precipitation method, The absorption spectrum was taken with a methanol dispersion</p> <p>The oscillator strength of the vibrator was calculated for the possible transitions by matching the experimental absorption spectrum with the theoretical spectrum, assuming that the spectral line shape is Gaussian and the number of spectral lines of the absorption spectrum is seven lines, a decoupling of the experimental absorption curve was made, and then the wavelengths corresponding to the most probable transitions were found.</p> <p>The emission spectrum of the prepared sample was taken at an excitation length of 300 nm and an emission peak was observed at the wavelength of 400 nm.</p>2023-11-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15321Study of the Effect of Various Human Activities on the Distribution of some Organophosphorus Pesticides in the Marine Waters of the Coast of Lattakia ity2023-06-26T13:56:00+00:00Hussam eddin Laikahussamlaika71@gmail.com<p>This research focused on the determination of the concentrations of some organophosphorus pesticides in five different areas of the coast of Latakia city (northern estuary of Nahr al-Kabir, Al-Marfa, Afamia, Sports City and Sakiet Moussa) using gas chromatography technology related to spectrometry gaschromatography/MS (GC/MS).</p> <p>The results showed that the total concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides were significantly higher in the marine waters of the port site (111.115μg/l) and the northern mouth of the Kabir River (39.899μg/l), with the lowest values recorded at the Sports City site (1.158μg/l). Diazinon recorded the highest values in the harbor area (71.802μg/l), and Dimethoat in the northern estuary of the Kabir (26.592μg/l).</p> <p>It was noted that the Sports City area is the least studied area of concentrations of these pollutants compared to various other studied sites, while the diversity is great in the number of vehicles.</p>2023-09-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15260Study of the Antioxidant Activity of Azo Chalcone and Azoflavone Derivatives by DPPH and H2O2 Methods2023-08-02T13:17:30+00:00Hadi Aqel Khderahadi.aqel.khdera@tishreen.edu.sySawsan Youseff Saadsawsansaad954@gmail.comAoula Moustaphajournal@tishreen.edu.syFarouk Kandiljournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>Flavonoids have good efficacy as antioxidants due to their ability to scavenge free radicals within cells. The antioxidant activity of azochalcone derivatives (B<sub>1</sub>-B<sub>3</sub>) and azoflavone derivatives (B<sub>4</sub>-B<sub>6</sub>) based on chalcone (<em>2E</em>)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one was studied by two methods: : Method of radical inhibition of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH<strong><sup>.</sup></strong>), method of inhibition of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and comparison with the effectiveness of two compounds ascorbic acid and quercetin as known antioxidants. The flavonoid derivatives (B<sub>1</sub> - B<sub>6</sub>) were prepared in the laboratory in our previous study through condensation, cyclization, dialysis and coupling reactions, and the structural structures of the new compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods (<sup>13</sup>C-NMR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, FT-IR). The inhibition ability of flavonoids was determined in four different concentrations (250, 500, 750, 1000 ppm) based on the concentrations of the compounds needed to reduce the absorption at 516 nm (DPPH<strong><sup>.</sup></strong>) and 230 nm (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). The value of IC<sub>50</sub> was estimated based on the curves of change in percentage inhibition percentages in terms of solution concentration. The results showed the effectiveness of compounds (B<sub>1</sub>, B<sub>2</sub>) as antioxidants.</p>2023-09-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15203correlation between mechanical properties of garnet ferrite crystal Dy₃Fe₅O₁₂ with their IR Data 2023-06-07T14:16:08+00:00ibrahim aliibrahim.ali.ali@tishreen.edu.sy<p>This research aims to prepare samples of garnet ferrite Dy₃Fe₅O₁₂ doping with Ni – content (x=0.00;0.15; 0.25; 0.35; 0.45; 0.50) using the ceramic method. Then, we used the Nelson Riley method for determining lattice parameter <strong>a</strong> which has an important role to estimate the theoretical X-ray density and the stiffness modulus. In addition, the IR spectra have been taken and their data correlated with the mechanical properties of these samples.</p>2023-11-18T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15174A study of the distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the coastal marine waters of Lattakia city2023-07-17T15:54:15+00:00Mulham Askarmulham.askar@tishreen.edu.syAhmad Kara Alijournal@tishreen.edu.sy Ahmad Kara Alijournal@tishreen.edu.syHazem Krawijournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>In this research, the concentrations of some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs: Polychlorinated Biphenyls) were determined in the marine coastal waters of the city of Lattakia from the two locations (Southern Corniche area) and (The Sports City area) during the summer and winter seasons of 2022 using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC\MS).</p> <p>The results of the study showed that these studied areas are affected by these pollutants, which indicates that these areas are affected by tourism activities, urban construction, sewage channels for homes and restaurants, or transport through river waters that flow directly into these areas, where the total concentration of PCBs was (Ʃ PCBs) ranges from 22.103 μg/l to 46.553 μg/l.</p> <p>The lowest value of these compounds was in the Sports City area during the winter, when the value was 22.103 μg/l, and the highest was in the Southern Corniche area during the summer, when the value was 46.553 μg/l.</p> <p>This study also showed an increase in the total concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (Ʃ PCBs) in the studied areas during the summer compared to its concentrations in the winter.</p>2023-09-26T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/15045Extraction of some metal ions Residues from burning heavy fuels Used in electric power stations.2023-06-06T11:46:24+00:00Moein Nouamanmoeinnouaman@tishreen.eduFaisal Ahmed journal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>Nickel, vanadium and magnesium ions were extracted from the heavy fuel residues used in electrical power stations and heating furnaces of production units. This extraction was done by organic ester-phosphorous ligands and amputated amines. To separate these ions from the residue, a small laboratory device was designed for separation in two stages: first, base dissolution to dissolve and deposite the vanadium oxide with an ammonized, amputated compound. Second, Sour dissolution of both oxide nickel and oxide vanadium and the extraction of their ions through selective phosphoric compounds, organic soil such as: </p> <p> </p> <p>1 - (C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>14</sub>PSNO<sub>3</sub>) O-(quinolin-8-yl) (o-tolyl) thio-hydrogen phosphate.</p> <p>.(O-(quinolin-8-yl) (o-tolyl) hydrogen phosphate (C<sub>16</sub>H<sub>14</sub>PNO<sub>4</sub>)- 2 </p> <p>O-phenyl O-(8-quinolin) thio hydrogen phosphate. 3 - (C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>12</sub>PSNO<sub>3</sub>)</p> <p> </p>2023-11-18T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14991Measuring the Expansivity of Tungsten at Elevated Temperatures using laser of wavelength 532 nm2023-09-10T06:50:17+00:00Adweaya Hessiadweaya.hessi@tishreen.edu.sy<p>In this wok, we perform a simple experiment to measure the linear expansion of a tungsten wire over the temperature range 300-3600 K. This experiment is based on the using of a laser with a wavelength of 532 nm to light the ordinary tungsten filament of P21W car lamps under gradual heating, which leads to a change in the dimensions of the filament, the dimensional changes are measured in the shadow images, these changes are associated with current-voltage values in order to calculate the coefficient of linear thermal expansion CTE(The coefficient of thermal expansion) in this field. In addition to measuring the frequency of vibration of the wire in the field 300-1400K. This low-cost experiment with tungsten enables science students to understand the thermal behavior of tungsten as a refractory metal, and allows for many low-cost measurement to aid in future refractoriness and to test new calasses of refractory materials.</p>2023-11-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14886Wave function and dynamic equations to calculet spreading energy of the spin waves in ferromagnetics with spin S=3/22023-05-10T13:15:40+00:00zeiad rustomzeiad.r1964@gmail.com<p> This reaserch aimed to :1-Finding energy of spin waves distribution in ferromagnetic material with spin S=3/2 starting from finding suitable wave function in chosed graphic kordinate and then the Hameltone and Lagrange and hence the dynamic equations which give concrate descripting of magnons energy levels and his spreading sped.</p> <p>2– Studying of constant direction and intensity magnetic field and isesotropy (difference properities) on waves distributions energy .</p> <p>3-Studying the quadra and acto poles that formed on the conserved square of spin .</p> <p>4-Estimate the earth fundamental situation that the studying system in it, has a minimum ene</p>2023-11-18T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14842Chemical composition of essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of the AL-Marar plant (Centaurium pulchellum) and their potential biological properties2023-08-05T10:44:26+00:00Mohannad Hasanmohannadhasanhasan@tishreen.edu.syEmad Hwijajournal@tishreen.edu.syYaser Mossajournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>Recently, global interest in medicinal plants used in folk medicine has increased as an important source of natural molecules with different biological activities and their role in discovering and developing new drugs. Among the medicinal plants used in folk medicine in Syria is <em>Centaurium pulchellum</em>, known locally as " AL-Marar ". The aerial parts of the plant were collected from a mountainous area in Latakia Province, Syria. The essential oil was obtained by the Clevenger-type apparatus with a yield of 0.88%. Seventy-five compounds, representing 99.56% of the total oil, were identified by GC-MS technique. The major identified compounds were: β-Damascenone (13.18%), Ledol (10.73%), Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (8.42%), (E)-Verbenol (6.37%).</p> <p>In this study, GC-MS analysis revealed for the first time the dominance of terpene compounds on the essential oil content of the aerial parts of the AL-Marar plant, which have a variety of biological activities. It emphasizes how significant this plant is as a potential plant drug for use in food and medicine applications and encourages more study of this plant to create novel plant-based pharmaceutical formulations.</p>2023-11-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14817Characterization of Sedimentary Environments of Surface Sediments and Medium Energy in Om Al-Toyour Area – Latakia2023-08-05T10:42:36+00:00Jalal Naderjalal.nader93@gmail.comSamer Ghadeer Ghadeersamer.ghadeer@gmail.com<p>A sedimentary study of Om Al-Toyour Coast, located to the north of Latakia City, has been carried out in order to determine the sediment distribution and classify it. Thirty-six surface sedimentary samples were collected during June 2021 and grain size analyzes were conducted on them. Four sedimentary types were identified (Gravel; Sandy gravel; Gravely sand; Slightly gravely sand). The grain size parameters indicated that the sediments varied from coarse sand to fine gravel, well sorted to very poorly sorted, coarse to fine skewed, mesokurtic to platykurtic. The interrelationship between the parameters showed the domination of sediments with bimodal nature that contains a mixture of sand and gravel in different proportions, a high medium energy in general, its intensity changes along the study area. The Linear Discriminate Function analysis (LDF) analyses indicated the dominance of beach and shallow marine deposition environments with an influence of turbidity and fluvial processes. The CM plots indicated that sediments were transported on the bottom by rolling and are located within the coastal environment. This confirms the occurrence of deposition under high-energy conditions, in which waves and currents were dominated, sufficient to transport sediments by rolling along the study area.</p>2023-09-26T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14818Sedimentological study of the coastal deposits in the southern part of AL- Badrosiyah coast -Lattakia2023-06-06T11:56:58+00:00sahar nassersahar.nasser@tishreen.edu.syGhada Mohammed journal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>Studying the histological characteristics of coastal sediments is of great importance in understanding the mechanism of sediment transport and the effect of transport processes on the shape and size of sediments. In this study, 29 sediment samples were collected from the southern part of the beach of Al-Badrosiyah area during the summer of 2022 in order to determine the nature and distribution of sediments. Whereas, the triangular plots showed the presence of four sedimentary patterns: Gravel, Sandy Gravel, Gravely Sand, and Slightly Gravely Sand, and these data confirm that sedimentation occurred in a high-energy medium with continuous mixing of sediments, while the LDF results showed that the samples was deposited in shallow coastal and marine environments.</p>2023-11-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14713Manufacture of environmental system for sampling solid chemical pollutants from air2023-05-03T11:23:24+00:00mirna alimirna.ali@tishreen.edu.syHajar NasserHajar.N.Nasser@gmail.comTareq Arrajarrajtareq@gmail.com<p> </p> <p>The purpose of this study is to manufacture an environmental system for collecting solid pollutants in the air and take it as a sampling method in order to conduct the necessary analyses later to determine the concentrations of the target pollutants. The sampling system is designed according to the Anderson model, and the system holders are made of stainless steel 304. This system includes four types of filters with different porosities (0.7µm, 1.3µm, 1.6µm, 8µm), and these filters are placed on the brackets of the system in order with the largest porosity at the top. The previous system is connected to an air cell, then the concentration of pollutants is calculated (after analyzied them using the appropriate techniques) based on volume of air withdrawn.The ability of this practical system to draw air is determined by (4.24 m<sup>3</sup>/h).</p>2023-09-26T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14710A study of the dependence of the reflectance of the anti-reflective material Ta2o5 on the wavelength of laser radiation2023-03-23T13:22:42+00:00bassam ghazolinmassammohamdghazolin@tishreen.edu.sy<p><strong> </strong>The study of the dependence of reflectance of the <em>Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub></em> antireflection coating with wavelength. Experiments were carried out using spectrophotometer based on a prismatic monochromatic SPM covering the spectral rang <em>450 – 1000 nm</em>. It can be seen from these results that the reflectance of the antireflection layer of the unirradiated sample is less than <em>10 % </em>the above mentioned spectral range and decreases as the wavelength decreases. Its value is about <em>7%</em> at <em>1060 nm</em> and <em>1-2% </em>at<em> 532 nm</em>.</p> <p>Irradiation of the si solar cell samples by laser pulses had been found to have an observable effect on the reflectance of their antireflection layer; the effect being dependent on the laser radiation wavelength and the number of pulses. For radiation of wavelength <em>1060 nm</em>, the reflectance for the sample irradiation by a small number of pulses (<em>l = 1060 nm 1 and 3 pulses</em>) becomes ≈ <em>12%</em>. Since this small number of pulses causes a small heating of the sample surface, in the increase of reflectance may be a result of some sort of cleaning process of the surface antireflection layer, which in turn causes the observed increase of reflectance. As the number of pulses at this wavelength is increased, the reflectance decreases. This is due to the thermal damage of the surface antireflection layer</p>2023-05-22T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14697Synthesis Of Compounds ) Sr3-xYbxCo2-yFeyO , Sr3-xTbxCo2-yFeyO7( Belonging To The Radelsden-Popper Series When n=2 By Partial Replacement Of Cobalt With Iron At The B Site And Partial Replacement Of Strontium With Rare Earth Elements At The A Site using the Ceramic Method2023-08-05T13:26:37+00:00mirna salehmirna.saleh@tishreen.edu.syAhmed KalzyehProfahmad.kelzeia@gmail.comMuhammad Hicham Abazlihishamabazli@gmail.comManar Hasanmanara.g.h@gmail.com<p>The constant need for energy has led to the search for alternatives to produce it so that energy can be more efficient and environmentally friendly.Oxides are considered one of the most important pillars in the industrial revolution. Therefore, they received special attention from researchers, as a group of oxides were found to play an important role in industries, which are perovskite oxides and their derivatives, such as oxides belonging to the Radelsden-Pooper series.This study aims to synthesize compounds Sr<sub>3-x</sub>Yb<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>2-y</sub>Fe<sub>y</sub>O<sub>7</sub> , Sr<sub>3-x</sub>Tb<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>2-y</sub>Fe<sub>y</sub>O<sub>7</sub> using the ceramic method. Partial replacement of cobalt (Co) with element of (Fe) and partial replacement of strontium (Sr) with element of ytterbium (Yb) and element of terbium (Tb) in the series <strong>A<sub>n+1</sub>B<sub>n</sub>O<sub>3n+1</sub></strong> when n=2 were studied.The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the prepared oxides crystallized in a tetrahedral (Tetragonal) structure within the crystal system P4<sub>2</sub>/mnm. The samples were prepared at a temperature of 1050 °C for 48 hours.</p>2023-09-12T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14499Determination of some xenoestrogens in different types of personal care products using reverse phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)2023-03-13T12:45:54+00:00ammar mansorammar.mohammad.mansor@tishreen.edu.syJuhaina Dibjuhaina.deeb@tishreen.edu.sy<p>This study aims to determine the concentration of some xenoestrogens (methylparaben and propylparaben) in some personal care products on the local market (natural creams, skin care creams, burns sweating creams and baby creams).</p> <p>The RP-HPLC technique was used on (C18) column, (DAD) detector at 254 nm wavelength and mobile phase:Acetonitrile/Methanol/Deionizer water(65/5/30%V/V/V). The extraction process was carried out using Dichloromethane solvent and ultrasonic device. The measurements were made after determining the ideal conditions for the chromatographic analysis process. The separation of the two compounds (MP and PP) of the samples was achieving with good selectivity (a = 2.05) and recovery ranged between (88 - 96)%.</p> <p>The study was done on 18 personal care products of national and imported products. The analysis results indicate the presence of both methyl paraben and propyl paraben in the most of that products, in natural skin care cream, with concentrations of (0.081 - 0.85)% , and in base cream samples with concentrations of (0.22 - 0.83)%. As well as in the baby cream samples with different concentrations range of (0.18 - 0.68)%.</p>2023-07-05T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14452Study and Evaluation of the Performance of some Effective Wavelengths in Optical Wireless Communication Lasers2023-05-03T11:35:35+00:00tarek maditarek.madi@tishreen.edu.syBassam Ghazoleenjournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>This study presents an evaluation of the performance of two wavelengths (850-1250) nm by simulating an optical wireless communication link (transmitter - channel - receiver). In the beginning, a theoretical study was conducted of the structure of the optical wireless communication system in general, and the laser transmitters in particular. The study dealt with the most important inconveniences that the optical signal is exposed to during its propagation.</p> <p>After that, it was proposed to design the studied link and perform the necessary simulations to evaluate the performance with changing the link parameters (channel length and channel attenuation Factor) for each of the studied wavelengths, which are (850-1250 nm), which are the wavelengths of the transmission windows used in optical wireless communications, and then they were compared Results to determine the best wavelength.</p> <p>The study showed that the performance of the 850 nm wavelength is superior to the performance of the 1250 nm wavelength in terms of the maximum attenuation at which it can work with an acceptable link performance, and it is superior in terms of the maximum channel length at which the link operates when the attenuation Factor is constant.</p>2023-09-26T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 1970 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14438Synthesis of the compound Sr2Pb0.75Bi0.25O4 by co-precipitaion method and investigate some of its physical properties2023-02-14T12:28:58+00:00Entesar Alhosennsra.bero@gmail.comMohamad Hisham Abazlihishamabazli@gmail.com<p>The perovekites and its derivates like Ruddlesden-Popper series of the general formula A<sub>n+1</sub>B<sub>n</sub>O<sub>3n+1, </sub>have a lot of important properties such as electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, alongside its cationic acumination flexibility in both A and B sites, therefor substituting capability which leads to physical properties modifications, hence, developing novel properties, in the light of the above mentioned, in this research we have synthesized the compound Sr<sub>2</sub>PbO<sub>4</sub> which crystallizes in Orthorhombic structure via coprecipitation route for the first time, and the compound Sr<sub>2</sub>Pb<sub>0.75</sub>Bi<sub>0.25</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>by partial substation of lead with bismuth in x=0.25 ratio. By studying the XRD Patterns it was concluded that the compounds crystallize in Orthorhombic structure (space group Pbam) after the substation was made, a minor reduction in a and c cell parameters were noticed, and by that observation we concluded that the majority of bismuth is in the 5+ oxidation state, the electrical properties were studied using LCR meter by altering the current between the two plates in the range -0.5 - + 0.5 by measuring the current at 1kHz frequency, and by the structure study conclusion of 5+ oxidation state of bismuth therefor the excess electrons will participate in the conduction bond.</p>2023-04-06T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14437Complex preparation and study of maingroup element (bismuth) using the phosphorous compound tetraphenyl ester μ-imido-dithiodiphosphate (PhO)_2-P(S)-NH-P(S)-(OPh)_22023-02-13T10:20:14+00:00Aya Kalashayadoriedkalash@gmail.comMoein Nouamanjournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>The organophosphorous compound tetraphenyl ester μ-imido-dithiodiphosphate was prepared Which has the P-N-P backbone and was used as a chelating ligand to prepare a complex with the element bismuth, as its use in the field of complex formation is one of the most important fields of research.</p> <p>The formation of the aforementioned compound was verified through spectroscopic studies using different technologies (IR spectroscopy - NMR spectroscopy - <sup>1</sup>H-NMR and <sup>31</sup>P-NMR). The work was continued using the prepared compound in a complexing process with the element bismuth in an alcoholic medium (methanol) by adding the alcoholic solution of the prepared compound to the alcoholic solution of aqueous bismuth nitratein a ratio of (1:3) at the laboratory temperature and at batches with continuous stirring. The formation of the complex was verified using IR- spectroscopy and melting point measurement. Bismuth and its compounds are generally considered safe and non-toxic, as complex compounds of bismuth are synthesized with a variety of different compounds with atoms bonding between them for biological evaluation.</p>2023-03-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/bassnc/article/view/14375determination chloride anion by Potentiometric method based on carbon paste electrode modified with silver chloride2023-01-08T14:29:10+00:00Zaher Alhamadzaheralhamad82@gmail.comHajar Naser Nasserjournal@tishreen.edu.syFaten Alaa Aldenjournal@tishreen.edu.sy<p>In this study, a selective electrode was prepared for determination of anion chloride in standard solutions based on a modified carbon paste by mixing 10% silver chloride, 45% graphite and 45% paraffin oil as a plasticizer. The prepared chloride electrode operates at at laboratory temperature, the modified electrode exhibited a linear response and significant Nernstian response with a slope of -55.0 mV/decade in the concentration range from chloride ions significant correlation factor of and response time in the range from (40-35)sec, stability time 20sec, Recovery R% (102.50-99.28) And a relative standard deviation RSD% (8.345-4.179), the analytical detection limit reached and the limit of quantitative detection, , within a confidence interval IS , The proposed method was applied to standard samples and then compared with a reference method, and the accuracy and validity of the used method was confirmed, through the (t) and (f-test) tests, where the value of ''t'' was less than the tabular value of t-tab and the value of the F-test was calculated and compared with F<sub>tab</sub> at 95% confidence level, it was found that there is no clear difference between the two methods, and that the proposed method is characterized by ease, accuracy and low cost.</p> <p> </p>2023-03-27T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023