تقييم قابلية الطبقة المائية للتلوث في الجزء الأدنى من حوض نهر الكبير الشمالي
Abstract
يعدّ حوض نهر الكبير الشمالي ( وتحديداً الجزء الأدنى منه ) ، من الأحواض المائية الأساسية الذي شهد في السنين الأخيرة تطوراً سريعاً ، وشاملاً في مختلف المجالات ، فقد انتشرت الزراعة المروية ، والمعامل، والورشات الصناعية ، كما شهدت المنطقة توسعاً سكنياً كبيراً ، وقد أدت مجمل هذه التغيرات إلى ظهور مشكلات مائية تتلخص بمدى المحافظة على نوعية المياه ، ونظافتها ، وخلوها من التلوث ، وخصوصاً بعد أن تحول نهر الكبير الشمالي ضمن منطقة الدراسة إلى مصب لمياه الصرف الصحي ، والصناعي ، والزراعي التي تصب فيه مباشرةً دون معالجة تذكر ، وأيضاً دون الأخذ بالحسبان العلاقة الهيدروليكية القائمة بين مياه النهر ، والمياه الجوفية، وانعكاس هذه العلاقة على نوعية المياه الجوفية الموجودة في المنطقة المحيطة بالنهر . يهدف هذه البحث إلى معرفة الظروف الهيدرولوجية ، والهيدروكيميائية التي تؤثر على نوعية المياه السطحية منها ، والجوفية، وخواص التربة في المنطقة ، وتعيين مدى قابلية المياه الجوفية للتلوث البيئي ، وقابلية الطبقة المائية للتلوث .
The Basin of ALKABIR ALSHIMALI RIVER (especially the lower part) is considered one of the most important water basins which developed greatly in the recent years. The watered planting had spread widely, as well as for factories and industrial workshops. The region there expanded greatly concerning residence. All these changes caused some water problems summarized in how to keep water clean and not polluted especially after this river became the dumb of sewage water , industrial and agriculture wastes water which end there without any considerable treatment . And also without taking into consideration the hydraulical relationship of the river's water and ground water and effects of this relationship on the quality of the ground water in the vicinity. This research considers the hydrological and hydrochemical circumstances which affect the quality of the surface and ground water and the properties of the soil in that region . As well as the ability of ground water and the aquifer to be polluted .
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