الرابطة السببية وصعوبة إثباتها في الأضرار البيئية
Abstract
العلاقة السببية هي الرابطة المؤكدة والمباشرة التي تربط الفعل بالنتيجة ،وإن كان إثبات هذا المبدأ يتفق مع القواعد العامة التقليدية فهو صعب جداً إثباته في المجال البيئي بسبب تعدد مصادر الضرر البيئي. لذا أردنا في هذا البحث أن نتعرف على هذه الصعوبات والتطرق إلى الحلول المقترحة للتغلب عليها وذلك بتقسيم البحث إلى فصلين رئيسين حيث تطرقنا في الفصل الأول إلى ماهية العلاقة السببية ونظريات إثباتها أما في الفصل الثاني بينا صعوبات إثبات العلاقة السببية في المجال البيئي والأساليب المقترحة لسهولة إثباتها من دون الخروج عن المبادئ العامة لإثبات العلاقة السببية، وتبين لنا أن نظرية السبب المنتج من أكثر النظريات الملائمة وفق القواعد العامة على أن يأخذ القاضي بالحسبان الطرق الحديثة التي ابتدعها الفقه والقضاء .
The “causal relationship” is the direct tie between the “act” or “cause of act” and the “result”. Although the proving of this principle is consistent with public traditional rules, it is very difficult to prove it in the field of environment because of multiple environmental damage sources.
In this research, we try to understand the difficulties and address suggested solutions to overcome them. The research is divided into two main parts: the first one defines the “causal relationship” and its proving theories, while the second part aims to present causal relationship proving difficulties in the environmental field, and suggested ways to prove it without breaking out general principles.
It became clear to us that the “produced cause theory” is one of the most appropriate methods that follows general rules, but Judge should take on his consideration the modern methods of created juristic and legislative.
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