Evaluation of the Short-Term Functional Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty with Hip Osteoarthritis
Keywords:
Osteoarthritis, Total hip arthroplasty(THA), cement components, cementless components, posterior approach, lateral approach.Abstract
The importance and justification of the research:
Prevalence of hip osteoarthritis in people over 40 years old. Functional disorders caused by hip osteoarthritis, which may lead to permanent partial disability in some cases. The great development that has occurred in surgical techniques and artificial materials which contributed to improving the results of total hip arthroplasty.
The Aim:
The aim of this study is to improve functional outcomes in patients with hip osteoarthritis who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA), and to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes. Also to reduce the complications, and to correlate the results with the type of surgical approach.
Patients and methods:
Between 2018 and 2021, An analytical comparative study (retrospective), was done on 57 patients with hip osteoarthritis who underwent total hip arthroplasty was evaluated for functional results. We compare these results using many variables: age, sex, type of artificial joint, body mass index (BMI), and functional state of the patient and hip before and after surgery using WOMAC index (Western Onterio and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) and followed up for more than 12 months and evaluate the complications at Tishreen University Hospital, Lattakia, Syria.
Results:
57 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty (26M,31F) with mean age 61.24 years.
40.3% of the studied research sample was within the age group of 60-69 years old.
33.3% of the studied research sample was in the overweight category according to the body mass index.
The posterior surgical approach was used in 68.8% of the studied research sample.
There was a significant increase in the mean values of WOMAC index one year after surgery.
There is a decrease in WOMAC values with increasing age, and an increase in the body mass index (BMI).
The most common complications were bleeding and the need for blood transfusion 84.2%, followed by limb-length discrepancy (LLD) 15.85 ,infection 5.8%, fracture 3.5%.
Recommendations and Suggestions:
We recommend using sementless components in total hip arthroplasty, and reserve the use of cement components for patients of advanced age, less active patients, and cases of severe osteoporosis.
We encourage patients to lose weight before and after surgery to improve clinical and functional outcomes.
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