Risk Factors of Perinatal Asphyxia in the Newborns at Tishreen University Hospital, Latakia
Keywords:
Perinatal Asphyxia, Risk factors, Apgar Score, Newborn.Abstract
Background: Perinatal Asphyxia is one of the major contributors to neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries with an incidence rate of 1.5/1000 live births. It is the third most common cause of neonatal death. Several studies reported that there is a predisposing risk factor to asphyxia either before or at birth.
Objective: To identify the various causes that result in asphyxia among neonates at Tishreen University Hospital in Latakia.
Methods: The current study is an observational-analytical case-control study carried out in the period 2022 and 2023 in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Tishreen University Hospital in Latakia. Only those neonates who had an Apgar score at 5 minutes less than 7 were included in the case group, while neonates who had an Apgar score of 7 or more than 7 were included in the control group. Data collection was done through a study-specific questionnaire and detail clinical history of the mother and neonate. All data were entered and analyzed using SPSS_25.
Results: Fifty-six neonates in total were prospectively divided into case and control groups. Multivariate analysis in this series identified the following as risk factors for perinatal asphyxia: meconium stained amniotic fluid, ( p=0.0001, 95% CI 2.2-8.9, RR 4.1); preterm rupture of membranes, (p=0.0001, 95%CI 1.3-10.7, RR 2.9); obstructed labor with vaginal delivery, (p=0.0001, 95%CI 1.4-9.5, RR 2.2).
Conclusion: Factors that include meconium stained amniotic fluid, preterm rupture of membranes, and obstructed labour with a vaginal delivery include some of the risk factors associated with perinatal asphyxia. Knowing these factors is an important step in taking early preventive measures, improving the quality of perinatal care, and optimal preparation for high-risk births.
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