تسجيل عدد كبير من حالات الحساسية الغذائية الكاذبة (التسمم بالسكمبرويد) نتيجة تناول الأسماك في مدينة اللاذقية
Abstract
تعد الحساسية الكاذبة أو التسمم نتيجة تناول الأسماك من فصيلة السكمبرويد، نمطاً من أنماط التسمم الغذائي مع أعراض وعلامات وعلاج شبيه بالتحسس الحقيقي من الأسماك وقشريات البحر. راجع مشفى الأسد الجامعي خلال شهري آب وأيلول من صيف العام 2014، أكثر من 700 حالة تحسس نتيجة تناول أنواع مختلفة من الأسماك المصطادة من الساحل السوري. بدأت الأعراض بعد ساعة وسطياً من تناول السمك وتراوحت من صداع، خفقان ووهج إلى انخفاض ضغط وأحياناً صعوبة تنفس وصدمة تأقية. اتخذت التدابير اللازمة لجميع الحالات بالإسعاف وفقاً لتوصيات منظمة الصحة العالمية لأمراض التحسس في تدبير التحسس والصدمة التأقية مع مراقبة استمرت 3-24 ساعة حسب شدة الحالة. تعد هذه الموجة من الإصابات الأكثر تسجيلاً على مستوى العالم, وأهم أسبابها سوء تداول (Mishandling) الأسماك وتلوثها وعدم حفظها وتبريدها وضعف الرقابة ما ساعد في نمو الجراثيم فيها والتي أدت إلى تحول أنزيمي للهستدين الحر في هذه الأسماك إلى هستامين الذي يعد بدوره المسؤول الرئيس عن الأعراض المسجلة. Allergy-like food poisoning or scombroid poisoning after eating fish is a type of food poisoning with symptoms and treatment similar to those associated with seafood allergies. The Emergency Department (ED) of Al-Assad University Hospital received more than 700 cases during August and September 2014 after eating different fish species caught in Syrian coast. Symptoms began an hour following fish consumption and ranged from headaches, palpitations and flushing to low blood pressure and sometimes respiratory distress and anaphylactic shock. All patients were managed in the ED, according to World Allergy Organization Guidelines concerning the management of allergic diseases and anaphylactic shock. The patients were discharged directly after 3-24 hours depending on disease severity. This recorded outbreak was the largest over the world that caused by consumption of mishandled fish (pollution, bad transporting, high temperature, and bad control). However, this mishandling provoked the transformation of free Histidine to Histamine that caused the current symptoms.Downloads
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