الكُدية في " البخلاء" للجاحظ
Abstract
يعرض هذا البحث لظاهرة اجتماعيّة أدبيّة في المجتمع العباسيّ هي ظاهرة الكدية، وهي إحدى الطرق التي احترفها بعض بخلاء الجاحظ في سبيل تحصيل المال عن طريق الاحتيال، والمرادف لهذه الكلمة هو لفظ التسوّل، وازدادت هذه الظاهرة انتشاراً وأهمية بازدياد الفقر والحرمان، وازدياد اختلاط العرب بالعجم، إلى جانب ما يجد المُكدون فيها من طمأنينة العيش وراحة النفس. والبخيل المُكدِي كانت غايته الثراء وجمع المال، وفي سبيل الحصول على ذلك لا يتورّع عن طرق كل أبواب الاحتيال والخداع. وقد توزّع المكدون في حيلهم إلى ثلاثة أصناف: مكدون اعتمدوا على خداع حاسّة البصر، ومكدون اعتمدوا على خداع حاسّة السمع، ومكدون اعتمدوا على خداع القلوب والعقول.
واخترت كتاب البخلاء للجاحظ مجالاً لعرض هذه الظاهرة؛ لأنّه كان أوّل من أدخل هذه الفئة الاجتماعية في الأدب العربيّ في القرن الثالث عبر قصصه وحكاياته، وأوّل من صنّفهم وذكر حيلهم، ومهّد الطريق لمن جاء بعده.
This research discusses a literary social phenomenon in the Abbasi society, which is begging. It is one of the ways that some of the niggards in Al-Jahez's book had mastered in order to earn money fraudulently. This phenomenon spread and gained more significance along with the increasing of poverty and deprivation, and the mingling of Arabs with foreigners. Those beggars found comfort and easiness in this lifestyle. They aimed at collecting money and becoming wealthy. In order to do so, he wouldn’t hesitate to practice all manners of deception and fraud. They can be divided into three types: beggars who use the deception of the eye, beggars who use the deception of the ear, and beggars who use the deception of the hearts and minds.
And the reason I chose AL-Jahez's The Niggards to demonstrate this phenomenon is that he was the first to deal with this social category in Arabic literature in the third century through his stories and tales. He was the first to categorize them and mention their tricks, and he paved the way to the writers after him.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
journal uses a CC BY-NC-SA license which mean
The authors retain the copyright and grant the right to publish in the magazine for the first time with the transfer of the commercial right to the Tishreen University Journal- Arts and Humanities Sciences Series
Under a CC BY- NC-SA 04 license that allows others to share the work with of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Authors can use a copy of their articles in their scientific activity, and on their scientific websites, provided that the place of publication is indicted in Tishreen University Journal- Arts and Humanities Sciences Series. The Readers have the right to send, print and subscribe to the initial version of the article, and the title of Tishreen University Journal- Arts and Humanities Sciences Series Publisher
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.