احتجاج الواحدي بـ " القراءات القرآنية " في شرحه على ديوان المتنبي
Abstract
يتناول هذا البحث احتجاج الواحدي بالقراءات القرآنّية ، حين وقوفه عند المسائل النحوّية ، في أثناء شرحه على ديوان المتنبّي ، وقد كان يرمي بذلك إلى توجيه مذهبٍ نحويٍّ ، أو ترجيحه ، اعتماداً على السّياق اللغوي في النَّصِّ.
وهذه القراءات القرآنية سبعية غير معزوّةٍ إلى أصحابها سوى قراءة شاذة عزيت إلى أبي السمَّال العدوي وجاء بعضها منتزعاً مما استحضره ابن جنِّي في شرحه على ديوان المتنبّي المسمَّى بـ " الفَسْر ". وقد ساقه الواحدي على سبيل التمثيل والتنظير. فإن وُجد غير روايةٍ في بيت من الأبيات، أو ذُكر أكثر من مذهب نحويِّ في موضعٍ ، جنح الواحدي إلى تصويبه ـ على ما يرى ـ بقراءةٍ تتناسب وتخريج الكلمة المشكلة على وجهٍ يذهب إليه، مدِّعماً مذهبه بالشواهد الملائمة ، والاحتجاجات الكثيرة، ونجده في أحيانٍ أخرى يكتفي بذكر القراءة القرآنية دونما إضافةٍ تذكر ممَّا جعل الكلام ناقصاً محتاجاً إلى الكشف عنه، وإيضاحه، الأمر الذي استدعى من البحث الرجوع إلى مظان كتب القراءات، من أجل الصحة في نسبة الآراء ، والوقوف على مضامينها، ومناقشتها، وتقديم ما يخدم البحث منها ، ومعرفة موقف الواحدي وجلائه ..
وقد توصل البحث إلى أهمية القراءات القرآنيّة في مسألة الاحتجاج، والاستشهاد، وأنَّ احتجاج الواحدي بهذه القراءة أو تلك، قد جيء به لتقوية مذهبٍ ، أو دفع رأيٍ، أو لتفسير ما خالف قاعدةً موضوعةً بأنّه جاء على لغةٍ من لغات العربيّة ...
This paper deals with Alwahide's use of koranic readings when he discussed the grammatical questions in his explication of Al-mutanabi's poetry. He aimed by that, to direct a grammatical school, or rebalance it according to lingual context in the text. This reading is sevenfold unrelated to their proprietors except the un normal reading (done by Abi AI-Shamal Al-Adawi ), which he communicated from ' Ibin Genni ' who wrote an explication about AlMutanabi's poetry called' Al-Fasser' .
it was mentioned by Al-Wahide as an example of simulations and concepts. And if another story in a verse of the poem, or mentioned more than grammatical concepts in a locution, Al-Wadi repaired it as he believed, with a suitable reading, which pronounce the word as he aimed to be. supporting his concepts with many suitable arguments. in other situations we found him, limited to mentioning of Coranic reading only without any valuable adding, so that makes the discussions incompletely, and in need of clarification this required returning to thinking of reading books, to correct the relates of concepts, and to understand their meaning, discussing them, and offer what serves research, and knowing the wahide 's attitude clearly ....
The result obtained shows the importance of koranic reading in arguments, and the Wahide used this reading or the other as an argument to support a way or a concept, And to explain what contradicts with a rule of Arabian language as it comes from it.
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