محمود ح., علي إبراهيم, & علاء الدين جبور. (2025). The Ottoman Empire during the reign of Sultan Selim III (1789-1807). Latakia University Journal - Arts and Humanities Sciences Series, 46(6), 587–602. Retrieved from https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/humlitr/article/view/18618