دراسة التغيرات الفصلية في كمية الترسبات الغبارية و تراكيز العناصر المعدنية الثقيلة فيها بجوار الشاطئ السوري
Abstract
تناول هذا البحث تحديد كميات الترسبات الغبارية في الهواء تبعاُ للتغيرات الفصلية, وتحديد تراكيز بعض العناصر المعدنية الثقيلة فيها Zn , Fe , Pb , Cu , Cr , Cd , As, Co , و ذلك في عدد من القطاعات ذات النشاطات الصناعية و السكنية على امتداد الساحل السوري.
أظهرت النتائج أن كميات الترسبات الغبارية، وكذلك تراكيز العناصر المعدنية الثقيلة فيها تزداد في فترات الصيف، وتنخفض عنها قليلاً في الخريف، لتأخذ قيماً أكثر انخفاضاً في الشتاء والربيع. وللحركة المرورية وطبيعة النشاطات البشرية والمنشآت الصناعية دور أساسي في ارتفاع تراكيز بعض من العناصر المعدنية, كما في منطقة الشيخ ضاهر وسط مدينة اللاذقية. ومصفاة النفط ومعمل الاسمنت في مدينتي بانياس وطرطوس, الأمر الذي يؤثر على جودة الهواء هناك. كما لوحظ ازدياد تراكيز هذه العناصر في هواء الشاطئ المجاور في منطقة الشاطئ الأزرق الخالية من النشاطات الصناعية، و ذات الكثافة السكانية المنخفضة, ما يجعلنا نفترض أن لأمواج البحر دور في تحميل هواء الشاطئ بتلك العناصر.
In this study, the deposed quantities of dusts and the concentration of metals
( Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr, Co, As, Cd) have been determined. In coastal air and their seasonal variations, in some sectors exposed to human and industrial activities along Syrian coast. The results showed that the quantities of dusts and metals increased in summer and decreased slowly in autumn to reach the lowest values in winter and spring. The transport, human activities and industrial constructions play a principal role in increasing the concentration of metals as in AL-shikh Daher, Banias refinery and cement factory. These sectors influence the quality of Tartous air. Additionally, it has been noticed that some metals increased near the coast especially at blue coast. However, this sector doesn't have any industrial activities and it has low population density which presumed that the sea waves contribute with charging the coastal air in some metals.
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