Effect of different lighting programs during the japanese quail eggs Incubation on embryos growth and hatched chicks quality
Abstract
A study was conducted on 450 eggs of Japanese quail mothers at 12 weeks' old, the eggs were randomly divided into three different treatments according to the applied lighting program, each of them contained 150 eggs and three replicates, 50 eggs for one replicate, with the standardization of optimal incubation conditions for all experiment treatments. The treatments were subjected to different types of illumination: T1 (continuous darkness, 0L:24D), T2 (12 hours of light versus 12 hours of darkness, 12L:12D), and T3 (continuous light 24L:0D).
The results indicated that the average weight of the embryo was similar on day 9, While it was significantly higher on days 12 and 14 of incubation with light treatments T2(12L:12D) (5.10, 6.18)g and T3(24L:0D) (5.04, 6.07)g, compared with dark treatment T1(0L:24D) (4.95, 5.99)g, While the rates of early, middle and total embryonic mortality were lower in T2(12L:12D) alternating light treatment (2.63, 3.55, 10.53)% compared with continuous light T3(24L:0D) treatments (1.33, 5.26, 11.33)% and continuous darkness T1(0L:24D) (5.82, 5.49, 15.11) %, With no significant differences in the rate of late embryonic mortality among the studied treatments.
The results showed a significant increase in hatchability in the treatment of T2(12L:12D) (89.46)% and T3(24L:0D) (88.66)%, respectively, compared with the treatment of T1(0L:24D) (84.89)%, While the highest hatching percentage was in the treatment T3(24L:0D)(74.88)%, with no significant differences between the two treatments T1(0L:24D)(65.55)% and T2(12L:12D) (68.44)%, The incubation time was significantly longer in T3(24L:0D) (377.72)h compared to with treatments T1(0L:24D)(373.50)h and T2(12L:12D)(374.94)h, The results also showed that there were significant differences in the average weight of the hatched chicks on the day of hatching and at the age of one week between the studied treatments, It also showed superiority in the quality percentage in the treatments T2(12L:12D)(97.30)% and T3(24L:0D)(97.01)% significantly compared to the treatment T1(0L:24D)(94.80)%, The results of the experiment indicated the importance of exposing the incubated eggs to lighting, which is positively reflected on some hatching standard and the weight and quality of the hatched chicks.
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