قدرة بعض العزلات الفطرية المحلية على إنتاج أنزيم السيللولاز ودراسة الفعالية الأنزيمية
Abstract
عزل من المحيط الجذري لنبات القمح TriticumaestivumL. الأنواع الفطرية الآتية:
harzianumTrichoderma, T.viride, T.longibrachiatum Aspergillusniger,Fusariumsolani,
Rhizoctoniasolani, F.oxysporum وAlternaria alternate. تبيان جميع العزلات المدروسة قابلية لإنتاج أنزيم السيللولاز Cellulaseفي الوسط الصلب (CMC-Agar)، إذ أعطى الفطر T. virideأعلى قابلية للإنتاج بمعدل 5.16، بينما أعطى الفطر Rhizoctoniasolani أقل إنتاجية للأنزيم بمعدل2.61. وأظهرت الدراسة الكمية باستخدام وسط مندل السائل أنّ أعلى إنتاجية للسيللولاز أعطاها الفطر T.viride ، إذ بلغت الفعالية الأنزيمية4.39 U/mL، كما أعطى أكبر كتلة حيوية وقيمتها 8.96g/L، بينما أعطى الفطر Rhizoctoniasolani أقل إنتاجية أنزيمية،إذ بلغت الفعالية الأنزيمية2.04 U/mL، وبلغت الكتلة الحيوية 4.65 g/L. وتبين من دراسة تأثير مصادر كربونية مختلفة على الفطرT.harzianum أنّ الســــــــــكروز كان الأفضل في إنتاجية الســــــيللولاز، إذ بلغت الفعالية الأنزيميةU/mL3.87، وبلغت الكتلة الحيوية 2.83 g/L.
The following Fungal species were isolated from therhizosphere of wheat plant (TriticumaestivumL.): Trichodermaharzianum, T. viride, T. longibrachiatum, Rhizoctoniasolani, Alternariaalternata, Fusariumsolani, Fusariumoxysporum and Aspergillusniger. It was shown that all isolated fungi had the capacity to produce cellulase in solid medium (CMC- Agar), while the fungus T.viride gave the highest capability for the production of this enzyme(5.16). The fungus Rhizoctoniasolani gave less productive ratio (2.61). Quantitative test using Mandelium liquid medium showed that the fungus T.viride had the highest productivity of Cellulase(4.39 U/mL), and this fungus had greater biomass (8.96 g/L). The fungus Rhizoctoniasolani gave lower enzyme productivity(2.04 U/mL) and its biomass reached(4.65 g/L). The study of different carbon sources for the fungus T.harzianum showed that Sucrose was the best media in Cellulase productivity. It reached (3.87U/mL), and the biomass was (2.83 g/L).
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