الطيف الغذائي عند سمك الفأرة Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus,1758) من فصيلة (Labridae) في المياه البحرية السورية
Abstract
تم دراسة الطيف الغذائي للنوع Xyrichtys novacula الذي يعد من الأنواع الهامة اقتصادياً في سورية و هو يعيش في المياه الضحلة على القيعان الرملية و الطينية و بين الشعاب المرجانية وعلى أعماق تصل حتى(50) م شملت الدراسة تحليل بيانات (217) فرد من أسماك الفأرة التي تم اصطيادها من المياه البحرية السورية خلال عام كامل (2015-2014 ) ، وتم حساب عدد من المعاملات المتبعة عالمياً في مثل هذه الدراسات خصوصاً طريقتي ( Hureau, 1970 ) و ( Geistdoerfer, 1975 ) اللتين تم دمجهما معاً ، وتبين أن هذا النوع يتغذى بشكل أساسي على الرخويات Mollusca، خصوصاً بطنيات القدم Gastropoda، و القشريات Crustacea ،خصوصاً عشاريات الأرجل Decapoda ، والتي تعد فرائس أساسية مفضلة لديه ، ثم يأتي بعدها الأسماك Fish وشوكيات الجلد Echinodermata ، والتي تعد فرائس ثانوية ، أما الديدان الخيطية Nematoda و المشطورات Diatoma والمنخرباتForaminifera فقد كانت فرائس نادرة (عرضية) . ومن خلال ربط المعاملات المدروسة (CV,F) بفصول السنة و بفترة التكاثر تبين لدينا أن الطيف الغذائي للنوعX.novacula يتغير بتغير الفصول وتبقى الرخويات والقشريات في مقدمة الفرائس التي تتغذى عليها أسماك الفأرة X.novacula في المياه البحرية السورية . Feeding habits of Xyrichtys novacula , one of the economically important species in Syria ,which inhabit in shallow water near the beach on the sandy or muddy bottoms, coral reefs and rarely between rocky flats, at depths up to 50 m in Mediterranean Sea. The study was conducted on different indices of digestive contents of (217) commercial samples , which were caught from fishing areas along the Syrian coast , during (2014 – 2015) . This study of many indices using (Hureau, 1970) and (Geistdoerfer, 1975) methods showed that the preferred prey was Mollusca followed by Crustacea. The Mollusca (Gastropoda) and Crustacea (Decapoda) were by far the most important prey, while Fish and Echinodermata were secondary prey . The accessory prey were Nematoda , Diatoma and Foraminifera. The diet differ with seasons , but Mollusca and Crustacea remain the more important in the feeding system for the X.novacula in the Syrian coast .Downloads
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