دراسة انجراف التربة لثمانية مواقع متباعدة متباينة في درجة انحدارها في المنطقة الساحلية وتحت المنظومات الثلاث//غابات – غابات محروقة – تربة زراعية //
Abstract
نفذ هذا البحث خلال السنوات الثلاث بدءً من العام 2011 في المنطقة الساحلية " اللاذقية وطرطوس ". تم تتبع دراسة انجراف التربة لثمانية مواقع متباعدة في المنطقة الساحلية، ومتدرجة في درجة انحدارها بدءً من 10% وحتى 45%، كما تم دراسة كل موقع من المواقع الثمانية تحت المنظومات الثلاث " غابات – غابات محروقة – تربة مزروعة ". إن النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها تشير إلى خطورة الانجراف المائي التي تتعرض له أتربة المنطقة الساحلية لاسيما في الانحدارات التي تزيد عن 15%. بلغ الانجراف أرقاماً مخيفة فقد تراوحت كميتهبين 32.5 طن/هكتار عند انحدار 10% و 165 طن/هكتار عند انحدار 45% في المنظومة الزراعية ( حيث سطح التربة شبه عارٍ) هذه الكميات تراوحت بين 9 و 56.5 طن/هكتار/سنة في منظومة الغابات المحروقة وبين 1.4 و 15 طن/هكتار/سنة في منظومة الغابات. كما أن الجريان السطحي لمياه الأمطار قد تراوحت نسبته المئوية بين 24 و 59.20 في المنظومة الزراعية مقابل 6.8 و 32.8 في منظومات الغابات المحروقة، وأخيراً بين 2.9 و 16.8 في منظومة الغابات. The research was performed during the three years from 2011 in the coastal area “Lattakia and Tartous” The study of soil erosion has been traced in eight occasional sites in the coastal area, Gradient in its slope degree from 10% to 45% . the eight sites has also been studied under the three systems “Forests, burned forests , planted soil” The results shows, that the dangerous of the Water erosion in the coastal area soils especially in the slopes that is more than 15%, the drift reached scary figures that ranged between 32.5 ton/Hectares when the slope was 10%, and 165 ton/hectares when the slope was 45% in the agricultural system (Where the surface of the soil is semi-disgrace), These amounts ranged between 9 and 56.5 t / hectares/year in the burned forest system and between 1.4 and 15 t / hectares/year in the forest system. The runoff of rain water may range between 24 and 59.20 in the forest system versus 6.8 and 32.8 in the burned forest systems and, finally, between 2.9 and 16.8 in the forest system.Downloads
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