تحديد الأحماض الدسمة والخواص الفيزيوكيميائية الأكثر أهمية لزيت حبة البركة وزيت الحلبة وزيت لسان الثور وزيت الجرجير المحلية المنتجة في سورية
Abstract
يهدف البحث إلى تحديد أهم الأحماض الدسمة الداخلة في تركيب كل من الزيوت المستخرجة من بذور كل من حبة البركة والحلبة ولسان الثور والجرجير المحلية, وذلك باستخدام الكروماتوغرافيا الغازية GC, بالإضافة إلى تحديد بعض أهم الخصائص الفيزيائية ( الكثافة و معامل الانكسار) والكيميائية ( الرقم اليودي ورقم التصبن ) بغية تحسين وتطوير الأصناف السورية للزيوت المدروسة. أظهرت نتائج البحث احتواء زيت لسان الثور على أعلى نسبة من مجموع الأحماض الدسمة عديدة اللاإشباع (81.5% )PUFA ومن غامًا لينولينيك ( 14.4% )GLA , واحتوى كل من زيت حبة البركة وزيت الحلبة نسب جيدة ومتقاربة من (60.95%-60.89% )PUFA , ومن مجمل الأحماض الدسمة أحادية عدم الإشباع (28.19%-33.89% ) MUFA ومن الحمض الدسم اللينوليئيك (60.71%-58.92% )LA , وقد تمتع زيت الحلبة بأعلى قيمة للحمض الدسم الأوليك ( 26.72% ), أما زيت الجرجير فكان له أعلى قيم ( 79% ) MUFA مختلفاً بذلك عن باقي الزيوت المدروسة. وكانت نتائج هذا البحث متوافقة بشكل واضح مع نتائج الدراسات العالمية على الزيوت ذاتها. The research aims to identify incoming fatty acids in the composition of both the Syrian domestic oil extracted from the seeds of Nigella sativa, fenugreek, borage and Rocket , using gas chromatography GC, as the goal to identify some of the most important physical properties ( density and refractive index ) and chemical ( Iodine number and saponification number ) utmost to improve and develop the Syrian varieties of the studied oils. Search Results showed that borage oil contain the highest proportion of the Poly unsaturated fatty acids ( 81.5% ) PUFA and the highest percentage of gamma -linolenic acid ( 14.4% ) GLA, and it was for each of Nigella sativa oil and oil fenugreek close by percent's of ( 60.89%-60.95% ) PUFA, and overall mono unsaturated fatty acids ( 33.89%-28.19% ) MUFA and linoleic acid ( 60.71%-58.92% ) LA has the enjoyment of the highest value oil ring of oleic fatty acid ( 26.72% ), while oil Rocket had the highest values ( 79%) MUFA so different from the rest of the studied oils. The results of this research clearly compatible with the results of global studies at the same oils.Downloads
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