قدرة بعض مدخلات من القمح القاسيT.durum على التوافق
Abstract
تم دراسة قدرة التوافق للغلة الحبية ودليل الحصاد لعشرة هجن من القمح القاسي باستخدام التحليل نصف ثنائي الأليل 5×5. سجل ارتفاع النبات، طول السنبلة، عدد السنيبلات الخصبة/السنبلة، عدد الحبات/سنبلة، وزن الحبوب/السنبلة الرئيسية، وزن الألف حبة والغلة الحبية/نبات ودليل الحصاد/نبات. بيّنت الهجن أن التباينات في كل من القدرة العامة على الائتلاف (GCA) والقدرة الخاصة على الائتلاف (SCA) كانت هامة في التحكم في توريث هذه الصفات، وقد حققت التهجينات الثلاثة Clavido´Caudat، Caudat´Lekorm، Valforte´Caudat في الجيل الأول مستوى أعلى في قوة الهجين للغلة الحبية ومكوناتها، وكذلك في دليل الحصاد، مقارنةً مع الأب الأعلى
(high-parent). أظهر الصنف الأبوي Caudat توافقاً هجينياً أفضل من بقية الآباء، وكانت التأثيرات إيجابية ومعنوية للقدرة الخاصة على التوافق للغلة الحبية، وبالتالي يمكن استغلال هذه الهجن كمادة أولية للوصول على أعلى طاقة كامنة من الغلة الحبية ودليل للحصاد.
The combining ability of grain yield and harvest index was studied for ten crosses of durum wheat using 5´5 half diallel analysis. Plant height, spike length, number of fertile spikelets, kernel number and kernel weight/main spike, 1000-kernel weight, grain yield/plant and harvest index/plant were recorded. Crosses showed variance in the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). They were very important in passing on of these traits. The three crosses, Lekorm´Caudat, Caudat´Clavido, Valforte´Caudat in F1, achieved maximum heterosis for grain yield and its components, and harvest index in comparison with their high parent. The parental variety Caudat resulted in better hybrid combination in other parents. They had positive and significant (SCA) effects on grain yield. These crosses could be exploited as a germplasm for higher potential from the grain yield and harvest index.
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