آلية تشكل وتطور بداءات العيون الشتوية في صنفي العنب الحلواني والبلدي
Abstract
نُفذت هذه الدراسة في مركز البحوث العلمية الزراعية بحمص، على شجيرات عنب مرباة على شكل عرائش من صنفي العنب المحليين حلواني وبلدي التابعين للنوع. Vitis vinifera L بهدف تحديد موعد تمايز بداءة العين الشتوية ودراسة آلية تشكلها وتطورها. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة مايلي:
- تمايزت بداءات العيون الشتوية (المجهرية) ذات الترتيب الرابع وحتى الثامن تقريباً في آباط البداءات الورقية في النصف الثاني من آذار ضمن العين الشتوية المكتملة (الأساسية) التي تشكلت خلال موسم النمو والتي ستتفتح في الموسم التالي. وبالتالي يمرعلى بعض العيون الشتوية شتاءان متتاليان منذ بدء تشكلها، على خلاف ما هو معروف بأن جميع العيون الشتوية تمر بشتاء واحد قبل تفتحها.
- تضاعف حجم بداءة العين الشتوية بشكل كبير (3 إلى 5 أضعاف) عند جريان العصارة مقارنة مع حجمها في طور الراحة لتستمر بالنمو حتى بداية طور الراحة التالي ليصل إرتفاعها عندئذ إلى 4 – 5 ملم.
This study was carried out at the Agricultural Research Center, Homs, on two grape varieties Vitis vinifera L. Halwani and Baladi rearing on arbor system to determine the time of winter bud formation and trace the dynamics of growth and development. Results showed the following: Pro winter buds (microscopic) ranking 4-8 were differentiated in the axills of leaflts in the second half of March within the basic winter bud (moher bud), which will bud in the following season, so they experience two consecutive winter seasons ever since they have been formed. This result is not consistent with commnn belief; I mean all the winter buds pass through one winter season before budding. Pro winter bud-size has duplicated from 3-5 times at bleeding comparred with the rest period, reaching 4-5 mm.
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