قابلية بعض أصناف الزيتون السورية للإصابة بذبابة ثمار الزيتون Bactrocera oleae Gmel (Dip: Tephritidae)
Abstract
هدفت هذه الدراسة الى تقييم قابلية ستة أصناف زيتون محلية الدعيبلي والخضيري في اللاذقية، الزيتي والقيسي في حلب ، الصوراني والأنصاصي في إدلب للإصابة بذبابة ثمار الزيتون Bactrocera oleae تحت الظروف الطبيعية خلال موسمي 2006 و2007 و2008. درست كثافة مجتمع الذبابة، نسبة الإصابة الحية، قطر الثمار ومعامل التلون, إضافة إلى المحتوى من الماء والزيت. كانت أصناف الدعيبلي الأنصاصي الأكثر تفضيلاً للذبابة مقارنة مع الخضيري والصوراني في اللاذقية وإدلب، على مدار عامي 2006 و2007 و2008 في حين كانت نسبة الإصابة الحية منخفضة على صنفي الزيتي والقيسي في حلب, نتيجة لدرجات الحرارة المرتفعة خلال أشهر الصيف. هاجمت الذبابة أصناف الدعيبلي والقيسي والأنصاصي في وقت أبكر، نتيجة محتواها الأعلى من الرطوبة وكبر حجمها، كما أنها تلونت باكراً, بينما كانت نسبة الإصابة منخفضة لصنفي الخضيري والصوراني, نتيجة انخفاض قيمة معامل التلون، على ضوء ما سبق يعتبر صنفي الزيتون الدعيبلي والأنصاصي كمصائد كونهما يصابان أولاً بذبابة ثمار الزيتون .
The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of six national olive cultivars: (doebli and khoderi) in Lattakia, (zeiti and keisi} in Aleppo, (sorani and ensasi) in Idleb to olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae in natural conditions in 2006, 2007, and 2008. Olive fruit fly population density, fruit susceptibilities, the diameter of the fruit, Pigmentation Index, and oil and water content were measured. It was found that cv doebli and ensasi were more infested than khoderi & sorani in Lattakia and Idleb due to their higher diameter and water content in addition to having high Pigmentation Index, so zeiti and kaisi in Aleppo were infested at a lower level due to high temperatures in summer. cv khoderi and sorani were infested at a lower level due to the lower Pigmentation Index. In the light of these findings, cv doebli andcv ensasi trees are recommended to be used as traps because they first get infested by the olive fruit fly .
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