تأثير حجم الكورمة الأم في النمو الخضري، إنتاج المياسم ومعامل التكاثر لنبات الزعفران (Crocus sativus L.)
Abstract
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على الأطوار الفينولوجية ضمن الظروف البيئية المحلية و تقييم كل من القدرة على الإزهار وإنتاجية الزعفران كماً و نوعاً بالعلاقة مع حجم الكورمات المستخدمة في الزراعة.
أثبتت النتائج وجود تأثير معنوي لحجم الكورمات المستخدمة في النمو الخضري و إنتاج الزعفران، حيث أن الكورمات الكبيرة الحجم شجعت على تكوين الأزهار و الكريمات الجديدة، كما ساهمت بشكل ملحوظ في زيادة إنتاجية المياسم خلال عامي الإزهار (2007 و 2008) و بالتالي في مقدار الإزهار الكلي. أظهر تحليل المواصفات النوعية (الكروسين، البكروكروسين و السفرنال) بوساطة جهاز الامتصاص الضوئي و حسب المنظمة العالمية لتقدير الجودة (ISO) وجود تأثير إيجابي لحجم الكورمة في نوعية الزعفران.
كما أشارت نتائج تحليل معامل الارتباط إلى وجود علاقة ارتباط واضحة بين الصفات الكمية والنوعية المدروسة.
The aim of this study is to define phonological stages in local environment and evaluate potential flowering, quantitative and qualitative yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in response to the corm size planting.
Results proved that corm size had significant effect on the vegetative growing and quantitative production of saffron. Large corm size increased the production of daughter corms and the production of flowers, stigmas yield during the tow productive flowering years (2007 and 2008) and the total flowering. The spectrophotometric analysis of qualitative characteristics (Crocine, Picrocrocin and Safranal), according to ISO: international organization of standardization, showed a positive effect of corm size on saffron quality. Finally, results of correlation analysis showed clear relationships between quantitative and qualitative traits studies.
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