First recorded of spotted spurge Euphorbia maculata L. (Euphorbiaceae) and adding it to Syrian flora
Abstract
This study was carried out in Lattakia city during (2018-2019) and it was aimed to added Euphorbia maculata L. for first time to the Syrian flora. Included its morphological description in terms of: life form (Prostrate), Leaves (elliptic-oblong to linear-oblong) with irregular reddish streak along middle, Stems usually prostrate, hairy. Cyathium inflorescence, Glands 4 ovate, yellow to Reddish brown with white or pinkish appendages. Fruit Capsules trigonous, hirsute on the whole surface. Seeds oblong-ovoid white to light brown with 6–8 low, 0.8-1.2 × 0.5-0.8 mm. In addition, accurate morphological study was done in terms of anatomical study of the lower epidermis to find out types of stomata, which includes two types (anomocytic) and (anisocytic). Trichomes conical and tubular mono or multi-cell. Study of Milky liquid ( Latex) indicated presence of different shapes and sizes of grains starch in latex that Rod which was the most present average length is (46.86µm), Spindle (26.29µm), Osteoid (22.86µm), Slightly osteoid (33.71µm), with other intermediate forms. Pollen grains was Euphorbia hirta-type, which is spherical with micro reticulate, the average length of the pollen was 28.15 μm and the width was 26.85 μm.
أُجريت هذه الدراسة في مدينة اللاذقية خلال عامي (2018-2019) وقد هدفت إلى إضافة النوع Euphorbia maculata L. لأول مرة إلى الفلورا السورية. وتضمنت الوصف الظاهري الشكلي له من حيث: الشكل الحياتي (مفترش)، الأوراق (إهليلجيه مستطيلة متطاولة)، تتصف بوجود بقعة حمراء غير منتظمة في منتصفها. والساق (زاحفة موبره)، النورة السيتونة، الغدد وعددها 4 وهي بيضاوية عريضة صفراء إلى بنية محمرة مع وجود زوائد بيضاء أو وردية، أما الثمرة فهي علبة منشقة إلى تلاث ثميرات، ومغطاة بالأوبار على كامل السطح. والبذور بيضاوية لونها بني مبيض، يتميز سطحها بوجود 6-8 أخاديد، وأبعادها 0.8-1.2 x 0.5-0.8 مم، كما تمت دراسة شكلية دقيقة تناولت: تشريح البشرة السفلية للورقة لمعرفة نمط الثغور التي أخذت نمطين، غير المنتظم ((anomocytic، والمتباين((anisocytic، أما الأوبار فكانت أنبوبية، ومخروطية عديدة الخلايا، أو وحيدة الخلية. وأوضحت دراسة السائل الحليبي وجود عدة أشكال لحبات النشاء الموجودة فيه، وهي العصوي الأكثر تواجدا متوسط طول (46.86µm)، والمغزلي (26.29µm)، والعظمي (22.86µm)، وشبيه العظم (33.71µm) مع أشكال وسطية أخرى. أما بالنسبة لشكل حبات الطلع فقد كانت من النمط الإيفوربيا المشعرة (Euphorbia hirta-type)، وهي كروية عليها تزيينات ناعمة، وبلغ متوسط طول حبة الطلع 28.15 µm أما عرضها 26.85 µm.
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