أثر تعويم الروبل في الميزان التجاري الروسي ( تحليل الميزان التجاري الروسي خلال الفترة 2010- 2016)
Abstract
The adjustment of the exchange rate system is urgent , especially after the international discussion about the global financial crisis have been focused on it . It is aimed to correct commercial imbalances .
Consequently ,The Central Bank of Russia took a decision to float currency which contributed to correct imbalances in the commercial balance , in addition to ease the pressure on the currency . So that it appears in its real value rather than fake one . Whose results are expected to be reflected in prosperity and the movement of exports and imports , also on foreign trade due to the exchange depreciation , which is one of the most important results of the ruble inflation .
Prosperity in countries is affected by the quantity of trade exchange with other countries , and the grade of commercial openness . Moreover , foreign trades growth rate
( positively and negatively ) . This is because net export or so called trade balance is one of the components of the GDP ( GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ) of the country .
Therefore , it was necessary to look for the repercussions of the Russian ruble inflation in the commercial balance of Russia , and its impact on the prosperity , whether it has positive results or negative repercussions on the Russian economy .
يعد تعديل نظم سعر الصرف من الضرورات الملحة والتي ركزت عليها المناقشات الدولية بعد الأزمة المالية العالمية عام 2008 وذلك بقصد تصحيح الاختلالات التجارية، حيث أن النمو الاقتصادي في أي دولة يتأثر بحجم التبادل التجاري مع العالم الخارجي ودرجة الانكشاف التجاري ومعدلات نمو التجارة الخارجية (سلباً وإيجاباً) وذلك كون صافي الصادرات أو ما يسمى الميزان التجاري يعد أحد مكونات إجمالي الناتج المحلي للدولة المعنية. وبناءً على ذلك، اتخذ المصرف المركزي الروسي قراراً بتعويم الروبل الروسي، الأمر الذي يسهم في تسهيل عمليات تصحيح الاختلالات في الميزان التجاري ويخفف الضغط على العملة الروسية، بحيث تظهر بقيمتها الحقيقية وليست الوهمية، الأمر الذي من المفترض أن تنعكس نتائجه على النمو الاقتصادي وحركة الصادرات والواردات وإجمالي التجارة الخارجية نتيجة انخفاض سعر الصرف الذي يعد أحد أهم نتائج تعويم الروبل.
ولذلك كان من الضروري البحث حول تداعيات تعويم الروبل الروسي في الميزان التجاري الروسي، وأثر ذلك على النمو الاقتصادي، وفيما إذا كان لهذا التعويم نتائج إيجابية أم انعكاسات سلبية على الاقتصاد الروسي.
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