هجرة العقول والكفاءات الفنية والآثار الناجمة عنها ( دراسة حالة العقول والكفاءات العربية )
Abstract
تعد الهجرة الدولية الوافدة والخارجة في كل المجتمعات والدول شكلا طبيعيا من أشكال الحراك الاجتماعي.
و تأخذ هذه الهجرة شكلين لا ثالث لهما, فإما أن تكون دائمة أو مؤقتة, وقد تأخذ طابعا أسريا أو طابعا فرديا.
و سوف نتناول هجرة العمالة السورية بشكل عام ونركز على هجرة الكفاءات والعقول لما لهذه الهجرة من تأثير كبير وخطير على مختلف جوانب التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية.
كما نتطرق إلى الأسباب المؤدية لحدوث هذه الهجرة في الوقت الحالي أو أدت لحدوثها في الماضي حيث نتعرف إلى الأسباب الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والأسباب السياسية ثم نتطرق إلى الآثار الناجمة عن هذه الهجرة بالنسبة للبلد المصدر سواء كانت سلبية أو إيجابية وكذلك الآثار الايجابية بالنسبة للبلد المستقبل للهجرة, ثم نعمل على إيجاد بعض الحلول للتخفيف من حدة هذه الظاهرة أو للاستفادة من الكفاءات والعقول المهاجرة.
The international migration movement is considered to be one of the natural social movements in any society or nation. It takes only two forms: either permanent or temporal, and it can be of either family or individual type.
In this research we deal with the migration of the Syrian labor in general, and the migration of qualifications in particular because of its great and serious effects on the different dimension of the social and economical development.
We also discuss the leading reasons that cause the occurrence, or that caused its occurrence in the past, from which we can recognize the economical, social and political reasons. Then, we deal with the effects of this migration on the source county whether positive or negative, besides illustrating the positive effects on the target county. Then, we try to find some solution in order to decrease the serious effects of this phenomenon or to get benefit of the migrated brains and qualifications
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