إجراءات التحقيق أمام المحكمة الجنائية الدولية

Authors

  • تميم مكائيل

Abstract

من نتائج المؤتمر الدبلوماسي في روما انبثاق ميثاق المحكمة الجنائية الدولية و يطلق عليه (نظام روما الأساسي ) بعد أن وافقت عليه 120 دولة و امتنعت 21 دولة عن التصويت فيما عارضته سبع دول. دخل النظام الأساسي حيز النفاذ في 1 تموز 2002 و يتألف من ديباجة بينت الأسباب الموجبة لإنشاء المحكمة و من بينها ما حصل في القرن الماضي من أحداث ذهب ضحيتها عشرات الملايين من البشر و ما تسببت فيه الحروب من فظائع يجب ألا تمر دون معاقبة مرتكبيها حتى يتم وضع حد لإفلات المجرمين من العقاب. و تتكون المحكمة من أربع دوائر، هيئة الرئاسة ، دوائر المحكمة( من استئناف و ابتدائية و تمهيدية)، المدعي العام، قلم المحكمة.

من ناحية أخرى,  وفقا لنص المادة 23 من النظام الأساسي لمحكمة روما لا يعاقب أي شخص أدانته المحكمة إلا وفقاً لهذا النظام الأساسي.  و أخيرا نص المادة 24 من النظام الأساسي لمحكمة روما  حدد  عدم رجعية الأثر على الأشخاص  بقولها  لا يسأل الشخص جنائياً بموجب هذا النظام الأساسي عن سلوك سابق لبدء نفاذ النظام, في حالة حدوث تغيير في القانون المعمول به في قضية معينة قبل صدور الحكم النهائي, يطبق القانون الأصلح للشخص محل التحقيق أو المقاضاة أو الإدانة.

From the results of the diplomatic conference in Rome, the emergence of the Charter of the International Criminal Court and called (the Rome Statute) after it was approved by 120 countries, and 21 countries abstained from voting as opposed seven countries.

Statute entered into force on  1 July, 2002 and consists of a preamble showed positive for the establishment of the Court reasons and among them is what happened in the last century of the events claimed the lives of tens of millions of human beings and what the wars have caused atrocities must not pass without punishment of the perpetrators until they are put an end to impunity. The court consists of four circles, the Presidency, Chambers (resume and elementary and preparatory), the Prosecutor, the Registry.

On the other hand, in accordance with Article 23 of the Statute of the Court of Rome does not penalize any person convicted by the court, except in accordance with this Statute. Finally, the text of Article 24 of the Statute of the Court of Rome select non-retroactivity of the impact on people by saying a person shall not be criminally responsible under this Statute for conduct prior to the start of the system enters into force, in the event of a change in the law applicable to a given case law before a final judgment, apply the law most favorable to the person being investigated, prosecuted or convicted.

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Published

2018-06-20

How to Cite

1.
مكائيل ت. إجراءات التحقيق أمام المحكمة الجنائية الدولية. Tuj-econ [Internet]. 2018Jun.20 [cited 2024Nov.25];39(2). Available from: https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/econlaw/article/view/3832

Issue

Vol. 39 No. 2 (2017): العلوم الاقتصادية والقانونية

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