Studying the Effect of the Numbers and Distributions Patterns of Control Points on the Geometric Accuracy of the Orthophotos - Application on an Archeological facade

Authors

  • omar alkhalil Tishreen University

Keywords:

Orthophoto, Control points, Check points, Distribution pattern, Mean square error

Abstract

Ground Control Points (GCPs) are used for indirect georeferencing in close range photogrammetry systems by phototriangulation (bundle adjustment). This study aims to determine the optimum number and distribution of control points to produce the most accurate orthophoto for a historical façade. In the study, we applied three scenarios for the distribution of control points, namely: border, central, and uniform distribution, starting with four points and then increasing by four points each time. A total of 95 control points and 30 check points were used, and 11 orthophotos were generated in each scenario.               The results showed that the central distribution of control points is the worst among the tested distributions, as the horizontal mean square error values ​​of the orthophoto ranged from 18.5 to 38 mm despite the increase in the number of points from 4 to 35 points. The horizontal mean squared error values ​​ranged between 21 and 11.2 mm in the border distribution and between 34.8 and 6.8 mm in the uniform one. As a result of the tests, it was found that the uniform distribution of the control points, which ensures that there is a point in every 10 m2 of the facade, is the best solution to obtain an accurate phototriangulation and accurate orthophoto.

Downloads

Published

2023-04-06

How to Cite

1.
الخليل ع. Studying the Effect of the Numbers and Distributions Patterns of Control Points on the Geometric Accuracy of the Orthophotos - Application on an Archeological facade. Tuj-eng [Internet]. 2023Apr.6 [cited 2024Apr.27];45(1):11-25. Available from: https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/engscnc/article/view/14258

Issue

Vol. 45 No. 1 (2023): Tishreen University Journal of Research and Scientific Studies - Engineering Sciences Series

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 ttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The authors retain the copyright and grant the right to publish in the magazine for the first time with the transfer of the commercial right to Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Engineering Sciences Series

 Under a CC BY- NC-SA 04 license that allows others to share the work with of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors can use a copy of their articles in their scientific activity, and on their scientific websites, provided that the place of publication is indicted in  Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Engineering Sciences Series   .  The Readers have the right to send, print and subscribe to the initial version of the article, and the title of  Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Engineering Sciences Series     Publisher

journal uses a CC BY-NC-SA license which mean

You are free to:

  • Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
  •  
  • The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.

 

  • Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
  • ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
  • No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 > >>