الجدار الأمثل الحاوي على مواد متغيرة الطور(PCM) موضوعة ضمن هيكل معدني
Abstract
تلعب الجدران الحاوية على مواد متغيّرة الطو (PCM) دوراً مهماً في تكييف هواء الأبنية. لكن تُعتبر الإيصالية الحرارية الضعيفة للمواد متغيرة الطور بأنّها إحدى الخواص التي تحدّ من استخدامها. يمكن حلّ هذه المشكلة من خلال المزاوجة بين هيكل معدني مع المادة متغيرة الطور. هدف هذه الدراسة هو تحديد الأبعاد المثالية للجدار بحيث تسمح بتغيّر كامل للطور، وبمجانسة درجة الحرارة من دون أن يحصل تغيّر سريع في الطور. من أجل دراسة السلوك الحراري للجدار، قمنا بإجراء محاكاة رقمية باستخدام البرنامج COMSOL ® على خلية عنصرية. ومن أجل وصف تغيّر الطور، استخدمنا طريقة السعة الحرارية المكافئة. اخترنا البارافين (الذي درجة حرارة انصهاره 24,5 °C) كمادة متغيّرة الطور. كما قمنا بتعيين تأثير كلّ من نوع معدن الخلية والنسبة الحجمية له. قمنا على وجه الخصوص بدراسة الهيكل المعدني الذي له بنية على شكل خلية نحل مصنوعة من الألمنيوم. The walls containing phase change materials (PCM) play a significant role in the air conditioning of buildings. However, one of the characteristics which limits the use of PCMs is their low conductivity. It is possible to solve this problem by coupling a metal matrix with the PCM. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal size of a wall which allows a complete change of state, and a homogenization of the temperature without a too fast change-of-state rate. To study the thermal behavior of the wall, we have carried out a numerical simulation using the COMSOL® software in considering a unit cell. To describe the change of state, the method of the equivalent heat capacity has been used. Paraffin has been chosen as PCM (melting temperature 24.5 °C). The influence of the nature and the volume fraction of the metal were determined. The case of honeycombs made of aluminum has been specifically treated.Downloads
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