المقارنة بين تأثير مخمد اهتزاز تقليدي ومخمد من نوع PID في الاستقرار الديناميكي لأنظمة الطاقة الكهربائية
Abstract
تركز معظم مواضيع التحكم في نظم الطاقة الكهربائية على الحفاظ على استقرار نظام الطاقة ومنعه من فقدان التواقت بعد تعرضه إلى اضطرابات مختلفة، حيث أنه، عندما يتعرض إلى اضطراب فإن ذلك سيؤدي إلى نشوء اهتزازات تزداد و تنقل مع الاستطاعة المنقولة عبر خطوط النقل حتى تصل إلى المولدات. لذلك يكون تحسين تخامد النظام مطلوباً، و خاصةً عندما يطلب نقل حمولة كبيرة بنظام نقل ضعيف. يُعد الهدف الأساسي من إضافة مخمد اهتزاز هو تحسين التخامد لزيادة حدود نقل الاستطاعة. وقد تم التركيز في هذه المقالة على دراسة تحسين الاستقرار الديناميكي لنظام الطاقة الكهربائي باستخدام مخمد اهتزاز من نوع PID، ورسمت منحنيات الاستجابة الديناميكية لبعض متحولات النظام، وتمت مقارنتها بأداء النظام باستخدام مخمد اهتزاز تقليدي. بينت نتائج المحاكاة فعالية استخدام مخمد الاهتزاز المقترح من نوع PID في تحسين الاستقرار الديناميكي للنظام من خلال سرعة إخماد الاهتزازات الناشئة في النظام، و إمكانية ضمان استقرار النظام من أجل حالات عمل مختلفة.
Most of the control issues in power system concentrate on the maintenance of the power system stability and prevention of the loss of synchronism of the system when subjected to different disturbances. When the system is subjected to a disturbance, it causes a rise in oscillations that are transmitted with the transmitted power through the tie lines till they reach the generators. Therefore, the enhancement of the system damped is necessary, especially when needed to transmit a big load through a weak transmission system. The basic intent of adding a power system stabilizer (PSS) is to enhance damping to extend power transfer limits.
This paper presents the results of a comparative study of the application of two types of stabilizers, conventional power system stabilizer and PID power system stabilizer, for the enhancement of dynamic stability of a power system. The dynamic response curves of some variables when using PID stabilizer have been drawn and compared with the system performance with conventional power system stabilizer. Simulation results show the effectiveness of using the proposed PID power system stabilizer in enhancement of power system dynamic stability through quick damping of the oscillations in the system, and its ability to ensure the stability of different operating conditions.
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