نموذج رياضي وبرنامج لتحديد التعويض الأمثل للاستطاعة الردية في عناصر الشبكات الكهربائية
Abstract
تعتبر مسألة تخفيض ضياعات القدرة الكهربائية إحدى المسائل الهامة والدقيقة في الشبكات الكهربائية. ولمّا كانت عملية تعويض الاستطاعة الردية, إحدى الطرق الفعالة الأساسـية المستخدمة لتحقيق هذه الغاية, فإن السؤال الذي يطرح نفسه عند حل هذه المشكلة (القيام بعملية تحسين عامل الاستطاعة)؛ هل نلجأ إلى التعويض الكامل للاستطاعة الردية؟ . يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد عامل الاستطاعة الأمثل,الذي يحقق الجدوى الفنية _ الإقتصادية, بالإضافة إلى وضع برنامج يسمح بتحقيق هذه الغاية, الأمر الذي يعتبر مفيداً جداً في مختلف التطبيقات العملية والأنظمـــة الحاويـــة على أحمال تحريضية. مع الأخذ بعين الاعتبار أن مستوى التعويض الأمثل يتعلق بعدة عوامل ,مثل: التكاليف الاستثمارية على وسائط التعويض, كلفة ضياعات القدرة , وكذلك بمنحني الحمولة للشبكة.
Decreasing power losses is one of the most accurate and important matters in electrical networks. The compensation of reactive power is the effective method used to reach the above mentioned goal. But the question is what the compensation level is. This paper aims to determine the optimal power factor which realizes the (technical & economic) conditions, writing a program to achieve the optimal power factor of network loads. Consequently, that is considered very beneficial in its practical applications in various fields and systems that contain reactive loads. But many factors connected with the optimal compensation level must be taken into consideration, such as investing cost of compensators, cost of power losses, and the load chart of the electrical net.
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