تقييم نوعية مياه نهر العاصي وصلاحيتها للري وفق مؤشرات (B.O.D- E.C- S.A.R)

Authors

  • حسان الجودي
  • بسام الخضر

Abstract

يعدّ حوض العاصي من الأحواض المائية الرئيسة في سوريا . تبلغ مساحته الكلية 25556 كم2, منها في سوريا 21624 كم2, وهو النهر الأكثر أهمية في هذا الحوض؛ إذ يتمتع بخاصتين مهمتين الأولى أنه الشريان الأساسي لمدينتي حمص وحماة, فهو يلبي كافة الاحتياجات المائية للأغراض البشرية والزراعية والصناعية, والثانية هي حجم الملوثات الكبير الذي يلقى فيه مما يؤثر في نوعية مياهه. يتطرق البحث إلى نوعية هذه المياه وفق مؤشر B.O.D الأوكسجين الحيوي المطلوب, وتحديد صلاحيتها للري وفق مؤشرات EC الناقلية الكهربائية وS.A.R معدل ادمصاص الصوديوم, وفق نموذج المخبر الأمريكي للملوحة. كما يتطرق البحث إلى دراسة المؤشر الزمني لتلوث مياه النهر ابتداءً من عام 1984 وحتى عام 2007 من خلال تقييم العناصر الثلاثة السابقة. تتلخص أهم النتائج في هذه الدراسة في تميز مياه نهر العاصي بالطبيعة القلوية المنخفضة على طول مجراه, وبالطبيعة الملحية المتوسطة والشديدة, وتصنيفها يتراوح بين(C2S1 ) وبين(C3S1). كما أن نوعية مياه نهر العاصي وفق مؤشرات B.O.D وEC تزداد سوءاً مع اتجاه الجريان حتى مركز دركوش فقط, بينما تحافظ على استقرارها في كل المناطق حسب المؤشر S.A.R . مما يوضح أهمية الحاجة إلى إدارة مائية جيدة ﺗﻬدف إلى منع تملح التربة والمحافظة علي الإنتاج الزراعي والموارد المائية.

Al-Asi Basin Is One Of The Main Basins In Syria , Amounting To A Total Area Of 25556 Km2, Including 21,624 Km2 In Syria . Al-Asi River Is The Most Important River In The Basin, It Has Two Main Properties , The First, That It's The Major Artery Of The Towns (Homs & Hama) .It Covers All Water Various Requirements Of Them. The Second, Is The Large Volume Of Pollutants , That It Is Affecting The Quality Of Water. The Research Discusses This Quality  According To The B.O.D Index ( The Biochemical Oxygen Demand ) Also , It Discusses The Assessment Of This Quality For Irrigation According To The E.C Index ( The Electrical Conductivity) And S.A.R Index ( The Sodium Absorption Ratio ) By Using The Model Of American Lab For Salinity. The Research Also Studies The periodic Pointer Of The River Water Pollution , Since 1984 Until 2007, Through The Assessment Of The Previous Three Elements. The Main Findings Of This Research Showed That Irrigation Water At The Whole Stream Have Low Sodicity And Low - Medium Saline. (Classification Is Between C2S1 & C3S1 ) . Also ,  The Quality Of Al-Asi Water Is Getting Worse By The Sight Of B.O.D & E.C Indexes, While Going Towards The Direction Of The Flow, Till (Darkosh) Only , While It's Maintaining The Stability In All Areas , According To The S.A.R Index. This Suggests That An Adequate Water Management Is Needed To Prevent Soil Salinization And To Optimize Agricultural Production As Well As Water Resources

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Published

2019-01-29

How to Cite

1.
الجودي ح, الخضر ب. تقييم نوعية مياه نهر العاصي وصلاحيتها للري وفق مؤشرات (B.O.D- E.C- S.A.R). Tuj-eng [Internet]. 2019Jan.29 [cited 2024May6];31(2). Available from: https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/engscnc/article/view/7129

Issue

Vol. 31 No. 2 (2009): العلوم الهندسية

Section

Articles

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