الحل الأمثل لصرف المياه الجوفية الزائدة في القطاع السابع من حوض الفرات الأدنى - سورية
Abstract
تقدّم النماذج الرياضية إمكانيات كبيرة في تحليل الموارد المائية وتقييمها، وإدارتها بالشكل الأمثل، وصنع قرارات وتنبؤات مستقبلية للمسائل المائية.
ازداد مؤخراً انتشار الترب المالحة في بعض مناطق القطاع السابع لحوض الفرات الأدنى، إضافةً إلى وجود بعض المستنقعات، الأمر الذي يؤدي إلى خروج هذه المناطق من الاستثمار الزراعي جزئياً أو كلياً. وبالتالي كان لا بد من إيجاد الحلول الناجعة لمسألة صرف المياه الجوفية الزائدة، من خلال بناء نموذج رياضي يمكّننا من اقتراح الصرف المناسب.
إن حفر 90 بئراً للصرف الشاقولي في مواقع محددة من القطاع تبعاً للظروف الهيدروجيولوجية القائمة، بتصريف يتراوح بين 900-1400 m3/day لكل بئر، يسمح بتخفيض سطح المياه الجوفية أقل من 2,5m من سطح الأرض، مع تجفيف المستنقعات عدا مستنقع واحد، يمكن تجفيفه باقتراح حفر بئر تجميعي لمياه هذا المستنقع، ينظّم جريان المياه من المستنقع إلى نهر الفرات.
The mathematical models have big abilities to analyse and evaluate the water resources, and the optimum management of the resources; then to make decisions and future predictions for the water problems.
Lately, the salty soils excessively increase in some region of the 7 sectors in the lower Euphrates basin. In addition to some swamps, that makes these regions out of the agricultural exploitation partially or completely. So, we must find a useful solution to drainage the excess groundwater, by building a mathematical model to suggest the suitable drainage.
Drilling 90 wells for the vertical drainage at a specific location in the 7 sector according to the available Hydrogeological conditions, and the well discharge between 900-1400 m3/day, will permit a decrease of the groundwater table down 2,5m from the ground surface, and a dewatering of the swamps; except one by drilling a collective well that would regulate the water flow from a swamp to the Euphrates river.
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