البيئة المناخية والعمران في الساحل السوري
Abstract
يتميز الساحل السوري بمواصفات مناخية معتدلة ، أتاحت المجال لاستقرار الإنسان منذ آلاف السنين في تجمعات سكنية ، مستفيداً من خبراته المتراكمة للوصول إلى مستوى من التأقلم النسبي مع بيئته المحلية .
بعد تطبيق المعطيات المناخية للمنطقة على مخطط الراحة لأولغيي (Olgyay,s bioclimatic chart), فقد ظهرت الإيجابيات والسلبيات في هذه البيئة، وتبين أنه لتأمين راحة الإنسان وسعادته في بيئته السكنية والعمرانية فانه لا بد من حمايته من الرياح خلال الفترة الباردة من السنة، إضافة لتدفئته مستفيدين من الطاقة الشمسية المتوفرة في هذه المنطقة, وكذلك حمايته من أشعة الشمس في الفترة الحارة من السنة مع الاستفادة من الرياح لتأمين التهوية العبارة الضرورية لتجفيف عرق الإنسان المنتشر على سطح جلده، مما يؤدي لتبريده والوصول به إلى مجال الراحة , وذلك كله من خلال معالجات معمارية وعمرانية بيئية تؤدي إلى تأمين راحته الحرارية بأقل حد من التكاليف المادية، مع التوفير في استهلاك الطاقة الأحفورية والحفاظ على للبيئة .
: the Syrian cost has its special moderate climate where the human being has lived during thousands years ago in groups of habitation, by using his own accumulated knowledge to attend an elevation of good being in his local environement.
After the application of the local climatic parameter on the ( Olgyays bio climatic chart) , we can see that if we want to assure the human comfort and the happiness of the human being in his own urban environement . it is necessary to protect him against wind during cold period of the year , and to heat him by using existing solar energy, And also to protect him against solar ray during hot period of the year, and using the winds to assure the cross ventilation which is necessary to evaporate his swear and fretting him to enter in the polygon of comfort, and to economize energy and protect the environement.
References
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المديرية العامة للارصاد الجوية مديرية المناخ ,1977 الاطلس المناخي لسورية , ادارة المساحة العسكرية - دمشق , 150 صفحة .
-MARTIN EVANS 1980 , Housing, climate and comfort (1st)
- From ERDA, spacfic Regional Solar Heating Handbook U.S.Gouvernement printing Office,Washington, D,C.,19.
د.أنيس الدكر 1999 معالجات إشعاعيةللأسقف النهائية في الساحل السوري، مجلة جامعة تشرين (الإصدار الأول) مجلد (21) العدد(8)- اللاذقية
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