نمذجة عمل مكبس هيدروليكي من خلال محاكاة آلة هيدروليكية تناسبية حاسوبياً
Abstract
إن تطور الطاقة الهيدروليكية جاء موازياً لرغبتنا في التحكم بكميات أكبر من الطاقة والكتلة بسرعة أكبر وقدر أكبر من الدقة وهذا ما تتميز به المكابس الهيدروليكية التي تؤدي العديد من الوظائف في مختلف المجالات الهندسية، لكن تتطلب بعض هذه التطبيقات شروط عمل دقيقة وتكون حركة المكبس وتتبعه لإشارات التحكم أمر ضروري. يهدف هذا البحث إلى التحقق من قدرة دارات التحكم على التعامل مع ظروف العمل السلبية المتغيرة، وأهم هذه الظروف وأكثرها انتشاراً هو حدوث التسرب الممكن أن يحصل في الآلات الهيدروليكية، وذلك من خلال محاكاة دارة هيدروليكية حاسوبياً تتضمن صمام لمحاكاة حدوث تسرب في الدارة ومراقبة حركة المكبس لتقييم أدائه. بينت النتائج أن دارة التحكم المفتوحة غير قادرة على تعويض الانحراف الحاصل في حالة معدلات مرتفعة للتسرب. كما بينت النتائج أن دارة التحكم المغلقة قادرة على الغاء أثر التسرب الحاصل في الدارة، و تخفيف أثر ذلك من أجل معدلات تسرب مرتفعة.
The development of hydraulic power comes in parallel to our desire to control larger quantities of energy and mass, more quickly and more accurately; which is characterized by hydraulic pistons that perform many functions in different fields of engineering. However, some of these applications require precise working conditions, and the movement of the piston and tracking of control signals is essential. The aim of this research is to verify the ability of control circuits to deal with changing bad working conditions. The most prevalent of these conditions is the possibility of leakage in hydraulic machines, and that is by simulating a computer hydraulic system including a valve to simulate leakage in the system and control piston movement to evaluate its performance. The results showed that the open-loop control circuit was unable to compensate for the deviation for high leakage rates. In addition, the results showed that the closed-loop control circuit is capable of eliminating the leakage effect in the circuit and mitigating the effect for high leakage rates.
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