قياس مطال إشارة ضعيفة باستخدام مكبرالإحكام الرقمي
Abstract
إن مكبر الإحكام الرقمي عبارة عن وسيلة لقياس مطال وطور إشارة ما معروفة التردد. كما يُعد واحداً من أفضل الطرق لقياس المطال في بيئة ذات ضجيج عالٍ. في بداية عمليه القياس اسُتخدم مرشح ذات عرض مجال ضيق جداً حول تردد الإشارة المقاسة. وبعد ذلك تم استعراض تطبيقات مكبر الاحكام الرقمي وبيان الاسباب في اختيار مكبر الاحكام معتمد على شريحه FPGA في عمليه قياس المطال لإشارة المطلوبة.حيث استخدمت طريقة المربعات الصغرى للقيام بعمليه حساب سعة الإشارة وتم نقل النتائج المحسوبة إلى كمبيوتر مضيف عبر الاتصال UART التسلسلي لوضع اللمسات الأخيرة على الحسابات وعرض النتائج.
في مرحلة التنفيذ العملي لعمليه حساب سعة الاشارة المطلوبة تم مناقشه مواصفات التجهيزات وخوارزميات البرامج اللازمة ، وقد أجريت بعض التجارب من خلال تنفيذ دارات بسيطة للتعرف على تطوير شريحه FPGA ولغة Verilog لغة وصف الأجهزة. تم تنفيذ جميع كتل التجهيزات والخوارزميات على حدة لضمان صحة التنفيذ. بعدها تم إجراء عملية مكاملة جميع الكتل في دائرة واحدة. المرحلة الأولى من التنفيذ كانت إنشاء جدول البحث على ماتلاب، ثم تنفيذها على FPGA ومحاكاة نتائجها ومقارنتها مع نتائج من ماتلاب. وكانت النتائج متطابقة.
المرحلة الأخيرة هي إجراء بعض التجارب مع إشارات دخل مختلفة على ترددات وسعات مختلفة وتبين أن أقصى قدر من السعة تم قياسها بشكل صحيح كان أقل من 2.5 V .
اجري البحث في مختبرات كلية الهندسة الميكانيكية والكهربائية في جامعة دمشق، واستغرق تنفيذه مدة سنة كاملة.
The Lock-in digital amplifier is a means to measure the frequency and phase of a signal known as frequency. It is also one of the best ways to measure the meter in a high noise environment. At the beginning of the measurement process, use a filter with a very narrow field width around the measured signal frequency. Then the digital amplifier applications were reviewed and the reasons for the choice of the amplifier were determined based on the FPGA chip in the measurement process for the required signal. The lower squares method was used to perform the signal amplitude calculation process and the calculated results were transferred to a host computer via the serial UART connection to finalize Accounts and display results.
In the process of practical implementation of the process of calculating the required signal capacity, the specifications of the equipment and the necessary software packages were discussed. Some experiments were carried out through the implementation of simple circuits to identify the development of the FPGA and Verilog language. And all blocks of equipment and gaskets were executed separately to ensure proper implementation. Then all the blocks were integrated into one circle. The first stage of implementation was to create a search table on Matlab, then implement it on FPGA and simulate its results and compare them with the results of Matlab. The results were identical.The last stage is to conduct some experiments with different input signals at different frequencies and capacities and show that the maximum amplitude measured correctly was less than 2.5 V.
The research is achieved in laboratories of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Faculty in Damascus University. It took about one year to finish.
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