The association between pre – pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and risk of preeclampsia

Authors

  • Ahmad Hassan Yousef
  • Jehad Ayoub
  • Maher Yousef

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is among the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide, occurs in 4.6% of all pregnancies. Studies from developed countries show that high pre pregnancy body mass index (BMI) increases the risk of preeclampsia .

Aim :To investigate the association between pre-pregnancy BMI  and preeclampsia in a sample of Syrian pregnant women attending Tishreen University Hospital .

Materials and Methods : This was a prospective study. Total of 120 pregnant women who were less than 12 weeks gestational age and receiving prenatal care at outpatient clinic or admitted to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tishreen university Hospital , Lattakia ,Syria , from January 2019 to January 2019 were enrolled in the present study and monitored until delivery to establish the outcomes . The subjects were categorized into four groups by BMI : underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2).

Logistic regression was used to adjust the potential confounder .Risk for preeclampsia was evaluated with odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals.

Results : 8.3% ,55% , 20%, and 16.7 % of the subjects were underweight, normal BMI, overweight and obese, respectively. Twelve  pregnancies (10%) were affected by preeclampsia.

Compared to those with normal BMI , overweight and obese women had a higher risk of preeclampsia  [OR (95% CI) 8.42 (1.5 – 46) and 8 (1.3 – 47.6)] , respectively .

Conclusion :Pre pregnancy maternal overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia . Risks were similar to those reported in developed countries.

الخلفية : يُعتَبَر ما قبل الإرجاج من بين الأسباب الرائدة للمراضة و الوفيات الوالدية حول العالم , و يصيب حوالي 4.6% من جميع الحمول . أظهرت الدراسات في البلدان المتقدمة أنّ مشعر كتلة الجسم (BMI) المرتفع ما قبل الحمل يزيد من خطر ما قبل الإرجاج .

الهدف : دراسة العلاقة بين BMI الوالدي ما قبل الحملي و حدوث ما قبل الإرجاج لدى عينة من السيدات الحوامل السوريات المراجعات لمستشفى تشرين الجامعي .

المواد و الطرق : شملت هذه الدراسة المستقبلية 120 حامل بعمر حملي أقل من 12 أسبوع من المراجعات لقسم العيادات الخارجية أو المقبولات في قسم التوليد و أمراض النساء في مستشفى تشرين الجامعي , اللاذقية , في الفترة الممتدة ما بين كانون ثاني 2019 – كانون ثاني 2020 . تمت متابعة الحوامل حتى نهاية الحمل لتحديد النتائج . تمّ تصنيف المشاركات في البحث إلى 4 فئات حسب قيمة BMI : ناقص الوزن (BMI> 18.5 كغ/م2) طبيعي الوزن (BMI 18.5– 24.9 كغ/م2), زائد الوزن (BMI : 25- 29.9 كغ/م2 ) , بدانة (BMI< 30 كغ/م2) .  تم استخدام الانحدار اللوجستي لضبط العوامل المتداخلة . جرى تقييم خطر ما قبل الإرجاج باستخدام نسبة الأرجحية (OR) و بفواصل ثقة (CI) 95% .

النتائج : كانت نسب توزع المرضى حسب قيمةBMI  على الشكل التالي: ناقص الوزن (8.3%) , طبيعي الوزن (55%) , زائد الوزن (20%) و بدانة (16.7%) . تطوّر ما قبل الإرجاج لدى 12 سيدة حامل (10%).

بالمقارنة مع الحوامل ذوات الوزن الطبيعي , امتلكت الحوامل زائدات الوزن و البدينات خطراً هاماً إحصائياً لحدوث ما قبل الإرجاج بنسبة أرجحية 8.42 (بفاصل ثقة 95% : 1.5 – 46 ) لزيادة الوزن و بنسبة أرجحية 8 (بفاصل ثقة 95% :
1.3 – 47.6 ) للبدانة .

الخلاصة : ترافقت زيادة الوزن و البدانة الوالدية ما قبل الحمل بزيادة خطر حدوث ما قبل الإرجاج . و كانت الأخطار مشابهة لما هو منشور في البلدان المتقدّمة .

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Published

2020-03-05

How to Cite

1.
Yousef AH, Ayoub J, Yousef M. The association between pre – pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and risk of preeclampsia. Tuj-hlth [Internet]. 2020Mar.5 [cited 2025Apr.15];42(1). Available from: https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/hlthscnc/article/view/9497

Issue

Vol. 42 No. 1 (2020): Medical Sciences Series

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Articles

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