العلاقات التطورية بين أنواع من Aegilops L. و Triticum L.باستخدام internal transcribed spacer sequences(ITS) nrDNA
Abstract
يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة علاقات القرابة الوراثية بين أنواع من Aegilops L. وTriticum L. باستخدام internal transcribed spacer (ITS) وقد استخدم في هذه الدراسة 8 أنواع من Aegilops L. و 7 أنواع منTriticum L. تم تحليل التسلسل لمنطقة ((ITS باستخدام برنامج (CLUSTAL W 2.1 multiple sequence aligment program) ودرست علاقات القرابة الوراثية بين الأنواع باستخدام المتوسط الحسابي للمجموعات الزوجية غير المزانة Unweighted Pair Group Mean Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) و. (NJ)and neighbor-joining
تراوح طول منطقة ((ITS الكلي بين 600-602 bp, طول منطقة ITS1 – 221) (222 bp, طول منطقة ITS2 215)- (217 bp، وطول منطقة5.8S 163)) bp. أما النسبة المئوية للمحتوى من السيتوزين والغوانين (G + C) في المناطق الثلاث السابقة فكانت- 61.2)} (63.9 –(-59.9 (63.5-(59.5){% على التوالي. أظهرت النتائج وجود 54 موقع متغير في منطقة ((ITS بنسبة مئوية (%8.97) . تميز كلا من T. dicoccon و T. durum بالمواقع الأكثر تغيراً مقارنة مع الأنواع الاخرى المدروسة.
وتم مناقشة و رسم مخطط القرابة الوراثية بين الأنواع المدروسة بطريقة .(UPGMA) أظهرت شجرة القرابة الوراثية وجود 3 مجموعات. وبعد النوعين T. urartu وT. monococcum عن بعضهما. بالاضافة الى التشابه الوراثي بين T. dicoccoides و T. monococcumالعائد الى الفترة القريبة لحدوث التهجين بينهما.
The research Studies genetic relationships among Triticum L. and Aegilops L. species by direct sequencing of PCR-amplified internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA to investigate the polymorphism in nucleotide sequences among 8 Aegilops L. and 7 Triticum L. species. ITS sequences were aligned with CLUSTAL W 2.1 multiple sequence aligment program. The phylogenetic relationships among species were reconstructed using Unweighted Pair Group Mean Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. ITS region ranged from 600 to 602 bp. The length of ITS1 was 221-222 bp, and ITS2 was 215-217 bp. The 5.8S subunit was 163 bp long. The G + C content of the ITS1 region ranged from (61.2 to 63.9)% in all Triticum and Aegilops species. The G + C content of the 5.8S subunit was entirely identical in all species, 59.5%. The G + C content of the ITS2 region ranged from (59.9 to 63.5)%. There were 54 variable sites (8.97%) in the entire ITS region. T. dicoccon, T. durum were more variable than other species.
The phylogenetic relationships among species were reconstructed using (UPGMA) and discussed. There were mainly three clades in this tree. T. urartu, was separate from T. monococcum. The similarity between T. dicoccoides and T. monococcum could be the result of a recent introgression event.
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