تأثير الكثافة النباتية على بعـض الخصائص الإنتاجية لصنفين من الفول العادي Vicia faba L. تحت ظروف الساحل السوري
Abstract
نُفّذ البحث خلال الموسم الزراعي 2013-2014 م في مزرعة خاصة ضمن قرية بلغـونـس التابعة لمنطقة بانياس. وذلك لبيان تأثير الكثافة النباتية والصنف والتداخل بينهما على بعـض الخصائص الإنتاجية لنبات الفول العادي Vicia faba L. . استخدم صنفان من الفول هما: الصنف البلدي (محلي), والصنف الإيطالي Super Simonia (مدخل حديثاً إلى سورية), واستخدم خمس كثافات هي: (20 , 10 , 6.67 , 5 , 4) نبات/م2. صممت التجربة بطريقة القطاعات المنشقة لمرة واحدة, إذ شغل الصنفان القطع الرئيسية, وشغلت الكثافات القطع المنشقة, وبثلاثة مكررات. حللت البيانات باستخدام البرنامج الإحصائي GenStat 12. أظهرت النتائج تفوق الصنف البلدي معنوياً على الإيطالي Super Simonia في صفة ارتفاع النبات خلال مرحلة النضج. كما أظهر البلدي زيادة على الإيطالي في صفات عدد الأفرع للنبات الواحد وعدد القرون للنبات الواحد ووزن الـ 100 بذرة. كما تفوق الصنف الإيطالي Super Simonia معنوياً على الصنف البلدي في صفة عـدد البذور في القرن وفي الغلة البذرية, وأظهر زيادة في صفة وزن البذور للنبات الواحد. بزيادة الكثافة النباتية يزداد ارتفاع النباتات ويقلّ عدد الأفرع للنبات وعدد القرون للنبات الواحد, وكذلك عدد البذور في القرن. وبانخفاض الكثافة النباتية يتناقص وزن الـ 100 بذرة والغلة البذرية. This research was carried out at a special farm at Balghounis - Banias during the agricultural season 2013/14 to study the of effect plant density and variety and the interaction between them on some productivity characteristics of faba bean plant. Two faba bean varieties were used : Balady (local variety) and Italian Super Simonia (new variety in Syria). Five densities (20, 10, 6.67, 5, 4) plants/m2 were studied. A split plot design with three replications was used, in which varieties were assigned to main plots and densities to sub plots. The GenStat 12 program was used for statistical analyses. The results indicated that Balady variety significantly surpasses the Italian one in plant height during maturity stage. Also Balady variety showed a significant increase compared to Italian variety in number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant and 100-seed weight. On the other hand, Italian variety significantly surpasses the Balady one in number of seeds/pod and seed yield, and it showed a significant increase compared to Balady variety in seed weight per plant. Increasing of plant density led to an increase of plant height and a decrease of number of branches/ plant, number of pods/plant and number of seeds/pod. Decreasing of plant density led to decrease of 100-seed weight and seed yield.Downloads
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