تسجيل أنواع سمكية جديدة في حوض نهر العاصي ضمن الأراضي السورية ( بيئتها و توزعها )
Abstract
يتناول البحث دراسة تغيرات التركيب النوعي وحالة الأنواع السمكية في حوض نهر العاصي، وخاصةً تلك المهددة بالانقراض وسبل حمايتها من المخاطر وإمكانية اختيار البعض منها للاستزراع في المزارع السمكية، تم جمع العينات السمكية بالصيد المباشر بوساطة وسائل الصيد المحلية المختلفة ( شراك، أفخاخ, شباك مبطنة)، وذلك من اثني عشر موقعاً موزعاً على امتداد مجرى النهر والتجمعات المائية المرتبطة به خلال الفترة الممتدة من بداية شهر حزيران 2004م ولغاية نهاية شهر حزيران 2005م، وأخذت القياسات الشكلية للأسماك المصطادة بعد تصويرها وحددت المراتب التصنيفية والأنواع باستخدام المراجع العلمية المعتمدة، وحفظت نماذج منها في مخبر بحوث الأسماك في مركز بحوث الغاب والمعهد العالي للبحوث البحرية بجامعة تشرين.
أظهر البحث وجود (48) نوعاً سمكياً منتمياً إلى (23) جنساً تندرج تحت (9) فصائل محلية ومدخلة، منها:
* تسعة أنواع تسجل لأول مرة في المنطقة، ثلاثة أنواع منها تتبع فصيلة Cobitidae، وخمسة أنواع تتبع فصيلة Cyprinidae، ونوع واحد يتبع فصيلة Cyprinodontidae.
* ثلاثة أنواع تتبع فصيلة Cyprinidae، لم تسجل منذ دراسة (Gruvel, 1931).
* في حين أن ستة أنواع تتبع فصيلة Cyprinidae، كانت قد أشارت إليها الدراسات السابقة لم تصادف خلال فترة البحث.
The current study involves identifying the local fish species in the Orontes River Basin, especially those endangered. It also considers ways of protecting them from dangers and the possibility of choosing those suitable for aquaculture. Samples were collected by various fishing gears (Gill nets, Traps, Trammel nets) in 12 chosen areas in the drainage of the Orontes river and its tributaries in Homs, Hama and Edleb, during the period June 2004 - June 2005. Samples were preserved after identification and morphological measurements were taken in the lab of the Al-ghab Research Centre and the Higher Institute of Marine Research, Tishreen University. This paper showed that (48) fish species belonging to (23) genus and (9) families (Endogenous or Exotic) were present; they were as follows:
* 9 Local species were recorded for the first time in the region; 3 belonging to the Cobitidae, 5 to Cyprinidae, and 1 to Cyprinodontidae family.
* 3 Local fish species belonging to Cyprinidae, have been recorded for the first time since (Gruvel,1931).
* 6 Local species from Cyprinidae reported in previous studies disappeared from the region.
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