تأثير كثافة نباتات السعد الشرقي(Cyperus rotundus L.) و الرزين Sorghum halepense L.)) في نمو وإنتاجية الذرة الصفراء(Zea mays)
Abstract
نفذت التجارب في الهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية/مركز بحوث الذرة للموسم الزراعي2006 بهدف دراسة تأثير نوعين من الأعشاب المعمرة وهي السعد الشرقي: Cyperus rotundus,والرزين: halepense Sorghum في نمو وإنتاجية الذرة الصفراء. اختلفت هذه الأنواع في قدرتها على منافسة نباتات الذرة من حيث التأثير في طول النباتات عند مرحلة الإزهار, الوزن القائم للعرانيس, إنتاجية المحصول. حيث تبين أن الرزين كان الأكثر تأثيراً في خفض قيم الصفات المدروسة على الذرة و بشكل يتناسب طرداً مع زيادة الكثافة العددية لنباتاته بوحدة المساحة من 22.5 نبات إلى60 نبات/ م2. كما يعرف نبات السعد بتأثيره المثبط لإنبات بذور ونمو نباتات عدد من الأنواع النباتية, لكن تأثيره قليل في الصفات المدروسة على نباتات الذرة عند وجوده بكثافة 10 نبات/م2 مقارنة مع تأثيره الواضح عند وجود نباتاته بكثافة 20 نبات/م2. وبناءً على هذه النتائج تكون العتبة الاقتصادية لنباتات الرزين هي 22 نبات/م2, وبوجود أكثر من 20 نبات/م2 لنباتات السعد الشرقي.
Field experiments were carried out at the general commission of scientific agricultural research during the growing season 2006 to determine the effect of two perennial weeds: purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and johnsongrass(Sorghum halepense) on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays). These species differed in their ability to compete with the maize and differed in their effects on stem length at the budding phase and the weight of the corncob and yield. Results revealed that maize was more susceptible to S. halepense influence which increased with the increase of the weed's density from (22.5 to 60) plant/m2. Also, C.rotundus had its own effect on maize, but it was not significant at density of 10 plant/m2 compared with that of 20 plant/ m2. According to these data, the economic threshold of S. halepense and C. rotundus in the maize crop was 22 plant and 20 plant/m2.
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