أثر الخلط بالزبل البقري والكبريت الحر على انحلال الصخر الفوسفاتي في تربة كلسية
Abstract
نفذت تجربة تحضين مخبرية لدراسة أثر خلط الزبل البقري(Manure = M) و الكبريت الحر
(Sulphur = S) على انحلال الصخر الفوسفاتي(Phosphate Rock = PR) في تربة رملية طينية تحوي 5% CaCO3. استخدم الـPR بمعدلين 1600، 6800 مغ/كغ تربة، والـM بمعدل 2% و S بمعدل خمس الـPR، استمرت التجربة 119 يوم، تم فيها تتبع تراكيز الفوسفور المتاح (Olsen-P) خلال فترة التحضين. درس انحلال الـPR عن طريق إجراء عملية تجزئة لنواتج تفاعلات الـP المتحرر من الـPR مع مكونات التربة
(P-Fractionation). بينت النتائج ظهور تخفيض معنوي لدرجة الـpH بسبب استخدام الـS والـM، لكن لم يلاحظ زيادة في قيمة Olsen-p في معاملات الـPR المختلفة. وبينت دراسة التجزئة بأن الـPR تعرّض للانحلال عند إضافته لوحدة وكانت نسبة انحلاله 62%، لكن لم يسبب إضافة S و M زيادة في عملية الانحلال. توزّع الـP الناتج عن انحلال الصخر في أشكال كيميائية مختلفة وكان أهمها فوسفات الكالسيوم الثمانية. إن إضافة الزبل البقري أدت لزيادة محتوى المعاملات من Ca8-P بالمقارنة مع معاملة الصخر الفوسفاتي لوحدة، و يعتبر هذا الشكل الفوسفوري رديفاً قوياً للفوسفور المتاح (R=0.91)، كذلك أدّى الزبل البقري إلى تخفيض محتوى المعاملات من الأباتيت و هو الشكل الفوسفوري الأكثر تعقيداً للفوسفور في الترب الكلسية.
In an incubation experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cattle manure (M) and elemental sulfur (S) on phosphate rock (PR) dissolution in sandy clay soil containing 5% CaCO3. The application rate of different amendments was 1600 and 6800 mg PR/kg soil, 2% of M, and the applied S represens one fifth of added-PR. The experient lasted 119 days during which Olsen-P was determined, and the dissolution of PR was measured by fractionation of released-P from PR. Main results showed that pH reduction due to S and M applications was noticed, but no increase in Olsen-P was observed in PR treatments. P-fractionation showed that PR can be dissolved in this soil and dissolution was 62% when PR added alone, and Octacalcium phosphate (Ca8-P) represents the main fraction. Mixing with S and or M did not increase PR dissolution. The use of M affected the distribution of P fractions: it decreased the apatite content and increased the (Ca8-P) fraction, which correlate highly with Olsen-P (R=0.91). It could be concluded the cattle manure when added with PR decreased complex P-forms (Apatite) increases main contributor to available-P.
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