العلاقة بين الهطل المطري والجريان في حوض نهر طرجانو
Abstract
ينبع نهر طرجانو، الرافد الشمالي لنهر الصنوبر، من سلسلة الجبال الساحلية على ارتفاع 1300م فوق سطح البحر، وتبلغ مساحة حوضه الساكب133 km2، ويجري باتجاه الغرب فيلتقي مع نهر ديفة في نهر الصنوبر، الذي يصبّ في البحر المتوسط على بعد10 kmجنوب مدينة اللاذقية. يوجد في حوض الصنوبر63 قرية، يبلغ عدد سكّانها حوالى50000 نسمة؛ لذلك لابدّ من تقويم المصادر المائية المتوافرة لتأمين الاحتياجات المائية المتنوعة، ومن أجل فهم ومعرفة التحديات المحتملة في أثناء تشييد البنى التحتية المتوافرة.تهدف الدراسة إلى تحديد العلاقة بين الهطل المطري والتدفقات في نهر طرجانو، فاعتمد الحل على التحليل الإحصائي لبيانات الهطل المطري والجريان، فبيّنت الدراسة أنَّ الكمية الوسطية الإجمالية للهطل المطري السنوي تبلغ 146,4 MCM، والكميّة الوسطية للجريان السطحي 8,7MCM خلال فترة الدراسة، ومن ثمَّ فإنّ قيمة عامل الجريان السطحي 0.06؛ أي أنّ الفواقد المائية كبيرة جداً، ووُضِعَت علاقة رياضية تسمح بتقدير تدفقات النهر اعتماداً على قيم الهطل المقيسة أو المتوقعة.
Ñ ABSTRACT Ñ
Terjano river, the north tributary of Snoberriver, springs from coastal mountains up to 1300 m above the sea level. Its catchment area is 133 km2, It meets Defiriver andform Snober River,which empties into the Mediterranean sea 10kilometers south of Latakia.There are63 villages (50000 habitants) in the Snoberbasin, so we must evaluate available water resources to cover different water demands, and to understand potential challenges constructing infrastructures.The study aims to determine the rainfall- runoff relationship.The solution depends on thestatistical analysis of precipitation and runoff data. Then the study found the mean annual flow at the Althawra lake was 8.7 MCM, andThe annual precipitation is 146.4 MCM/year, so the runoff coefficient is 0.06.This indicates a significant water loss.A mathematical equation to predict the river flows depending on the values of expected precipitation, has been concluded.
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