العمارة الخضراء كمدخل تصميم بيئي في بداية الألفية الثالثة: المفهـوم والتطبيق
Abstract
يعاني عالمنا المعاصر من تنامي المشكلات البيئية الناجمة عن استنزاف الموارد الطبيعية وزيادة استهلاك الطاقة. وتعد المباني من أكبر القطاعات المستهلكة لهذه الموارد والطاقات غير المتجددة، وذلك لتأمين التهوية والتبريد والإضاءة الاصطناعية. وفي ضوء الاستنزاف الشديد للموارد الطبيعية أصبح تصميم المباني المتوافقة مع البيئية ضرورة مُلحّة. وتعتبر "العمارة الخضراء" أو "العمارة المستدامة" أحد مداخل التصميم المعماري المتوافق مع البيئية. وبمعنى أكثر شمولية فالعمارة الخضراء تهدف إلى تقليل استنزاف الموارد الطبيعية واستخدام مواد البناء المحلية، والاعتماد على الطاقات المتجددة. من هنا حظيت العمارة الخضراء باهتمام عالمي واسع.
يناقش البحث الحالي مفهوم ومبادئ العمارة الخضراء وتطبيقاتها العملية من خلال تناول بعض الأمثلة العالمية، ويهدف البحث إلى وضع توصيات وأسس تصميميه لتشجيع ممارسة هذا التوجه البيئي في بداية الألفية الجديدة.
Our world witness increasing degradation of the environment because of increased natural resources and non-renewable energy consumption. Buildings are one of the largest resources and energy consuming sectors for artificial heating, cooling, and lighting. In light of fast depleting energy resources, environment conscious building design has become urgent. "Green architecture", also known as "Sustainable architecture", is an approach that describes environmentally-conscious design. In the broad context, green architecture practices aim to minimize the depletion of natural resources and use of environmentally friendly materials, renewable energy, and improved human health and comfort. So, Green architecture has received a fair amount of attention all over the world.
This paper examines the concept and principles of green architecture, and analyzes some of their application through references to international practices. The paper also concludes with a fledgling set of design principles to encourage this new sustainable approach in the new milluinum architecture practice.
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