المقارنة بين الأنواع المختلفة للمبادلات الحرارية بغية الوصول لتحسين أدائها
Abstract
تشكل المبادلات الحرارية العنصر الأهم في مكونات بعض الآلات, مما جعلها تأخذ حيّزاً مهماً من الدراسات والأبحاث العلمية. فهي تستخدم لأغراض مختلفة, في الهندسة الحرارية مثلا, كمراجل بخارية ومكثفات, ومحمّصات للبخار, وكعناصر أساسية في التدفئة المركزية والتكييف والتبريد وغيرها.
يتضمن هذا البحث دراسة عملية لنموذجين من المبادلات الحرارية: المبادل الحراري الأنبوبي ذو الغلاف, والمبادل الحراري الصفائحي, وذلك عن طريق دراسة البارامترات المميزة لكل منهما بثبات التدفق وبعدم ثباته, الأمر الذي يقود إلى إجراء مقارنة عملية بينهما والحكم على فعالية كل منهما.
وبهدف تعزيز هذه الدراسة فقد تم تطبيقها على مبادلات حرارية مشابهة في شركة الحافظ بمحافظة حلب, وتحويل النتائج إلى مخططات سهلة القراءة. ومن خلال المقارنة تم التوصل إلى أن أداء المبادل الحراري الصفائحي أفضل من المبادل الحراري الأنبوبي ذي الغلاف من حيث المردود، ومعامل انتقال الحرارة، والكلفة الاقتصادية بالرغم من بعض المشاكل المتعلقة بالتسرب، والعمر الزمني، وهبوط الضغط المرتفع.
As heat exchangers become an essential part in the industrial machines. Considerable research have recently occurred on its. It is widely used, in thermal engineering as steam boilers, steam turbine, and it is an essential part in heating, air-conditioning and refrigeration, etc.
This research shows an experimental study on two types of heat exchangers: PLATE-HEAT-EXCHANGER, and SHELL AND TUBE-HEAT-EXCHANGER. Their intrinsic parameters have been studied with a steady flow and variable flows in order to compare the two types and show the effectiveness of each. The experimental part was done on similar heat exchangers at AL-HAFEZ Company, Aleppo.
We've concluded that the performance of plate heat exchanger is more distinctive and efficiency than shell and tube heat exchanger, and also in term of heat transfer coefficient and economy, in the face of many disadvantages as leakage problem, and reducing average life of this heat exchanger.
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