استخدام المرشحات فوق السريعة ذات الحشوة المحلية لتنقية المياه السطحية
Abstract
موضوع البحث هو دراسة أحد أشكال الترشيح فوق السريع بالتدفق الصاعد , ضمن حشوة رملية محلية , بديلة لرمل الكوارتز , المستخدم عالميا في المرشحات فوق السريعة , بغية تنقية المياه السطحية , التي تتميز بمواصفات محددة , وذلك بغرض استخدامها في الشرب والصناعة . ولتحقيق ذلك , قمنا بتصنيع نموذج مخبري لمحطة ترشيح فوق السريع ,وأجرينا التجارب المخبرية اللازمة , في كلية الهندسة المدنية بجامعة تشرين , خلال الاعوام (1997 - 1999 ) , وفق خطة مدروسة مسبقا على نوعين من الرمل المحلي : القريتين (حمص ) ورمل البسيط ( اللاذقية ) .
وبالدراسة الرياضية لنتائج التجارب , تم تحديد المتحولات التقنية لعمل المرشحات فوق السريعة ذات التدفق الصاعد لتيار المياه ضمن الحشوة المضغوطة , وكذلك تم تحديد المواصفات الفيزيائية والكيميائية للحشوة المرشحة المحلية المدروسة .
وتبين أنه يمكن تنقية المياه السطحية الخامية , الحاوية على مواد عالقة حتى 120 غ / 3م بالترشيح فوق السريع في المرشحات المقترحة , التي تعمل بسرعات عالية , متناقصة مع الزمن , وبفاقد ضاغط ثابت ضمن المرشح , المملوء بالحشوة الرملية المحلية والمضغوطة .
وتمتاز هذه المرشحات بالمردود العالي وبسهولة استثمارها بالمقارنة مع التنقية بالطريقة العامة التقليدية .
The research aims to study one type of ultra – speed filtration by up flow effluent through local sand filling to treat surface water , which has known characteristics , for drinking and industrial purposes . To achieve that we had designed an experimental type (experimental ultra- speed filter plant ) , and we had done measurements and experiments through the period ( 1997- 1999 ) by using two kinds of sand , one from Kariaten (Homs) and the second from Basset (Lattakia) .
By mathematical study of experiments results , we had determined the technical factors of ultra – speed filters function which has up – flow effluent through the pressed sand filling in addition physical and chemical properties of the local filling material .
It was clear that surface water contains suspended solid up to 120 g / m3 , can be treated by using ultra – speed , which works with decreased speed with time and constant head loss through filter (which is charged with under – pressure local filling ) . these filters have high efficiency , and they can be easily operated in comparison with typical methods .
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