إشكالية النقد التاريخي عند ابن خلدون

Authors

  • صالح شقير
  • هيثم توفيق العطواني

Abstract

الهدف من هذا البحث، دراسة تصور التاريخ والتطور عند ابن خلدون؛ وذلك من خلال توضيح منهجي لمعنى التاريخ، وصولاً إلى فلسفة التاريخ عنده، وإبراز أهمية هذا الفيلسوف في التاريخ، بوصفه أحد مؤسسي فلسفة التاريخ. وعلى اعتبار أن تصوره للتاريخ يجعله قريباً من الفلاسفة المعاصرين، وأنه قد أسس ذلك التصور للتاريخ على نقض المفهوم الإخباري نقضاً جذرياً، لأن التاريخ عنده ليس سرداً للأخبار وإنما هو تعليل للأحداث، بما يسمح ببناء علم جديد. إن مفهوم التقدم الذي تبلور في القرن الثامن عشر، نجد إرهاصاته في مقدمة ابن خلدون التي قدم فيها منهجية لدراسة التاريخ في حركته الداخلية وليس في ظاهره، وذلك من خلال طرحه لأسئلة إشكالية تفتح آفاقاً للمعرفة والتطور مثل: ما العلاقة بين المعرفة التاريخية والكتابة التاريخية؟ هل يمكن للتاريخ أن يتجسد في علم؟ كما أن هذا البحث يشير إلى أخطاء المؤرخين، التي تحدث لأسباب معقدة نفسية واجتماعية وسياسية وثقافية، أو للجهل بقوانين الطبيعة وأحوال العمران. The aim of this research is to study the concept of history and evolution for “IbnKhaldun” through a systematic illustration of the meaning of history. Therefore, we present this research in order to reach the philosophy of history for “IbnKhaldun” and to highlight the importance of this philosopher as one of the founders of the philosophy of history as his conception of history makes him close to contemporary philosophers. This perception is crystallized to history on rejecting the “empiricalconcept” radically. Therefore, we find that the history of “IbnKhaldun” is not a narrative of news, but it is an explanation of eventsin which we can build it a new science. The concept of progress that was crystallized in the eighteenth century has signs in the introduction of IbnKhaldun in which he presented a methodology for studying history in its interior movement and not in appearance. In addition, the problematic questions that raised by “IbnKhaldun” opened horizons for knowledge and development such as: What is the relationship between historical knowledge and historical writing? Is it possible for history to be part of science? This research also points to the errors of historians, which occur for many complex reasons that might be psychological, social, political and cultural. The errors also may happen because of a lack in knowledge about the laws of nature.

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Published

2016-07-14

How to Cite

شقير ص., & العطواني ه. ت. (2016). إشكالية النقد التاريخي عند ابن خلدون. Tishreen University Journal- Arts and Humanities Sciences Series, 37(2). Retrieved from https://journal.tishreen.edu.sy/index.php/humlitr/article/view/1735

Issue

Vol. 37 No. 2 (2015): الآداب والعلوم الانسانية

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Articles

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