وظيفة الشّعر الجماليّة بين المنفعة والمتعة
Abstract
إنّ المتعة الجمالية وسيلة الشّعر للوصول إلى الغاية , فالجمال وسيلة الشّعر إلى غاية الجمال, وحسب رؤية يونج فإنّ ماهية الشّعر أصبحت قوة ذات قدرة عظيمة على التأثير لا يمكن مضاهاتها ,وما نزال نتوارثها ، فالشّعر في جانب لم يحن ِرأسه أبداً بل ارتقى بماهيته على الدّوام ، كما ارتقى مع المتنبي العظيم مثلا الذي كان يهدي أكثر ممدوحيه عظيم شعره ,ويضمّنه فخره بنفسه ,ويضفي عليهم من عظمته ، ويبقى التقاط جمال ماهية الشعر من الأمور الصّعبة ، لأنّ مكمن الجمال في الشعر ليس جزءاً محدّداً في الماهية بل في كلـّيته لأنّ بعضهما – الجمال والماهية – يعكس الآخر ويبادل به في خفاء وجودهما ، فالحقيقة الأبديّة هي أنـّه من طبيعة الجوهر أن يختفي ، والاختفاء هو جوهر الجمال أي أنّ ماهية الجمال هي جمال الماهية . ولعلّ خصوصيّة مصطلح : "الشعر" تكمن في أنه واقعة جماليّة, والجمال ظلّ إلى الآن سؤالاً محيّرًا يدور في فلك يتنازعه قطبان عنيدان ، أولهما ( المنفعة) وثانيهما ( المتعة ) في آن ولم يستطع قطب من هذين القطبين أن يكون مركز هذا الفلك أو أن يحدّد وظيفة الجمال في إطار الغاية أو في إطار الوسيلة.ولعلّ اتفاقا ً- لو حدث – بين القطبين – كان سيرضي ماهيّة الجمال التي تحمل في ذاتها " المنفعة و المتعة ".
According to the understanding of Yong, that the reality of poetry because a force of great power on the effect that cannot be continued and stayed to inherit us and inherit it forever, that poetry didn't ever bow its head but arrived by its content forever , as it ascended with Great Almutanabi example: he presented most of his praisers his cheapest poetry and specializes himself by wonderful singing which includes his sadness, pain, pride , satisfaction and his dissatisfaction. And when he said great poetry in his praisers, he was falling himself on them, and the content beauty catching stays from the difficult matters, because beauty’s place in poetry is not a certain part in the content , but in both because both of them, content and beauty, reflect the other and exchange by it in the disappearance of their existence, the eternal fact is that the nature of jewellery is to disappear, and the disappearance is the basis of beauty that the beauty of content is the content of beauty.
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