البذور الأولى للحدود النحوية
Abstract
يعالج هذا البحث بشكل موجز مسألة الحدود النحوية في مهدها الأول، إذ لا بد لما اصطلح عليه بالحد النحوي الذي اكتسب الصبغة المنطقية في القرن الرابع الهجري وما بعده- من طفولة تمهد لنشأته، فكان أول ما تناوله رواية نشوء النحو العربي، وما فيها من تقسيمات ومصطلحات وتعريفات من دون الخوض في اختلافات الباحثين في هذه الرواية، ثم عرض صنيع تلاميذ أبي الأسود في وضع المصطلح النحوي بإيجاز ، وانتقل بعد ذلك إلى الحديث عن منهج الخليل في عرض المصطلح النحوي وشرحه بأمثلة مقتضبة ابتغاء الوصول إلى سيبويه الذي بلور آراء أستاذه في كتابه، فكان الحديث عن معاني لفظة الحد كما وردت في بعض المواطن من الكتاب، حيث كانت تكتسب أحياناً معنى اصطلاحياً يبتعد عن المعنى اللغوي لها، ومن ثم طريقته في عرض المصطلحات النحوية، وأخيراً تم الوقوف على نماذج منها كما وردت في الكتاب، وعلى أسمائها كما أوردها ابن جني فيما بعد، لتكون خطوة أولى نحو صناعة الحدود النحوية التي يهدف هذا البحث لإبرازها، وإبراز دور سيبويه في التأسيس لعملية تحديد المصطلح النحوي.
This research highlights briefly the case of grammatical limitations in their cradle. The first grammatical limitation discussed in this research is the rise of Arabic grammar, its divisions, terms and definitions without detailing the differences of the researchers on this point. The research then exposes the acts of Abu-Al-aswad,s students in putting briefly the grammatical term. After that, the research discusses Al-Khalil grammatical method, and gives examples and details in order to reach Sebaweeh opinions as put forward in his book, especially on the constructions of morgin's verbalism as it is in some places of al-Ketab. They usually acquire idiomatic meaning which is different from the lingual meaning. The research highlights his speech and his method in exposing the grammatical terms. Finally, the research surveys some specimen of al-Ketab, and their names as given by Ibn Jennee later on to be the first step towards the grammatical limitations, which Sebaweeh developed.
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