دراسة تأثير استخدام النحل الطنان والكربون العضوي في تحسين نسبة عقد الأزهار وإنتاجية البندورة تحت ظروف الزراعة المحمية
Abstract
نفذ البحث خلال الموسم الزراعي 2012- 2013 ( موسم طويل ) ضمن بيتين بلاستيكيين في منطقة جبلة لدراسة تأثير استخدام النحل الطنان والكربون العضوي في تحسين نسبة عقد الثمار وزيادة الإنتاجية لهجين البندورة دلولة , تضمنت التجربة ثلاث معاملات هي تلقيح طبيعي (شاهد) , رش الأزهار بالكربون العضوي, تلقيح الأزهار باستخدام النحل الطنان , نفذت المعاملتين الأولى والثانية في بيت بلاستيكي واحد ,أما المعاملة الثالثة فنفذت في بيت بلاستيكي ثاني , وقد أظهرت النتائج تفوق معاملة النحل الطنان بفروق معنوية على معاملتي الكربون العضوي والشاهد من حيث نسبة عقد الثمار وكمية الإنتاج , حيث بلغت نسبة عقد الثمار للنورات الزهرية العشرة الأولى 89.8% و 83.7% و39.2% لمعاملات النحل الطنان والكربون العضوي والشاهد على التوالي . كما أعطت معاملة النحل الطنان أعلى إنتاجية (22 كغ/م2), وكانت الثمار المنتجة في معاملة النحل الطنان أكبر وزنا وأكثر تجانسا في الشكل والحجم واللون وذات نوعية أفضل من حيث محتواها من فيتامين C والسكريات والحموضة .
The experiment was carried out at Jableh region during 2012-2013 in two green houses to study the effects of using the bumble bees and organic carbon to improve flower set and yield of tomato hybrid Dalloula . The experiment included three treatments : natural pollination (control) ,flowers pollination by organic carbon, and flowers pollination by bumble bees . The first and second treatments were applied in the first green house , and the third treatment was applied in the second green house . Results showed that the bumble bees treatment produced significantly the highest percentage of flower set and yield than the other treatments . Flower set of tomato over 10 clusters was 89.8% , 83.7% , 39.2% for bumble bees treatment, organic carbon treatment, and control , respectively. The highest yield (22 kg/m2)was obtained from bumble bees treatment . Flowers pollinated by bumble bees gave fruits that looked better in shape , size and color ,and with higher weights . In the bumble bee pollinated flowers , the quality of fruits was superior for vitamin C , sugar and acidity .
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