دراسة التنوع الحيوي للفطريات في بحيرة سد بكسا وتأثير بعض العوامل البيئية في توزعها وانتشارها
Abstract
أٌمكنَ في هذا البحث الذي جرى خلال المدة الممتدة بين آذار 2007 وشباط 2008 تصنيف /41/ نوعاً من الفطريات المنتشرة في مياه سد بكسا وقنوات الري الصادرة عنه. كان جنس Penicillium الأوسع طيفاً، والذي تمثل ڊ /13 نوعاً/، ثم جنس Aspergillus وتمثل ڊ /5 أنواع/، ثم جنسي Cladosporium,و Fusarium / 3أنواع لكل منهما، وكانت معظم الفطريات المعزولة هي أنواع من ساكنات التربة، كما أنها تستطيع النمو والانتشار في الأوساط المائية، العدد الأكبر من الأنواع تم عزلها خلال فصلي الخريف والشتاء.
بينت التحاليل الفيزيائية والكيميائية لمياه حوض السد والقنوات الصادرة عنه اختلافاً في القيم وتبايناً في التنوع الفطري بين المواقع المختلفة من جهة وبين فصول السنة من جهة أخرى. كما تأثر توزع الفطريات المعزولة وانتشارها بالشروط البيئية السائدة ، وبشكل خاص درجة حرارة المياه، درجة اﻟ pH ، الأوكسجين المنحل، BOD، سواءً في المواقع المختلفة أم في الموقع ذاته.
We have managed in this research which has been conducted over the period between March 2007 – February 2008) to identify 41 species of Fungi which grow in Baksa Dam water and channels emerging from it. Penicillium was the most diverse kind /13 species/, then Aspergillus /5 species/, then Cladosporium, Fusarium /3 species of each / . The study shows that most of these Fungi are species which grow in the soil and they can grow and spread in the water. Most of these species have been isolated during Autumn and Winter.
The physical and chemical analyses of the dam water and channels flowing from it have revealed different results and diversity of Fungi in the different sites and seasons of the year.
The distribution and spreading of isolated Fungi have been affected with prevalent ecological conditions, especially water temperature , pH , D.O , BOD , in the different sites or in the same site.
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