تأثير بعض المعادن الثقيلة المنطلقة من عوادم السيارات في نباتي الخبازي والخشخاش في منطقة الجوبة – صلنفة (اللاذقية (
Abstract
أجريت مقارنة بين نباتي الخشخاش Papaver والخبازي Malva في منطقة الجوبة, وذلك بين النباتات المعرضة للتلوث, النامية قرب الطريق (3-0) م, وتلك النامية على بعد 50م تقريباً عن الطريق .
شملت الدراسة إجراء تحاليل مقارنة لتراكيز بعض المعادن الثقيلة في النباتين المدروسين خلال الفترة الممتدة من الشهر الرابع حتى السابع للعام 2010 م, بغية تبيان أثر زيادة عدد السيارات في هذه التراكيز.
بينت التحاليل تغير المحتوى المعدني لبعض العناصر المعدنية الثقيلة في أنسجة الورقة وذلك تبعاً للبعد
أو القرب من الطريق, حيث انخفض تركيز كل من الرصاص والنحاس والحديد بدرجات متفاوتة, بالابتعاد التدريجي عن الطريق. تبين أيضاً ارتفاع تراكيز هذه العناصر بازدياد عدد السيارات المارة في المنطقة .
بينت النتائج أيضاً, أن النباتات التي تنمو على قارعة الطريق تتأثر بالملوثات المنطلقة من عوادم السيارات؛ إذ ينخفض طول النبات, ووزن الورقة وسطحها, والوزن الرطب, والمحتوى المائي .
يؤثر التلوث أيضاَ في البنية التكاثرية والإنتاجية إذ ينخفض عدد الأزهار ووزنها, وأبعاد البتلات, وعدد الأسدية, وعدد الثمار, ووزن الثمرة .
A comparison was made between Papaver and Malva plants in Aljaouba area between the grown plants on the roadside (0-3 m) , and also50 m far nearly exposure to the pollution .
The study in volves a comparison analyses for the concentrations of some heavy metals in the tissues of two studied plants ,during the period April-July 2010 , in order to show the effect of the increased number of vehicles on the concentrations of these metals .
The analyses showed that a change of the mineral content of some heavy metals in the tissues of the leaf, according to its far and near to the road , where concentrations of Pb , Cu , Fe , were decreased in various rates , according to the faring stepwise from the road . It also noticed an increasing inthe concentrations of these elements by increasing number of vehicles .
The results showed also that plants , which are growing on the roadside , are affected by the pollutants emitted by exhausts , where plant length , leaf weight , leaf area , water content were decreased . The Pollutionalso affected the reproduction and production structures , where the number of flowers and its weight , distances of petals , number of stamens , number of fruits and their weight were decreased .
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