استنتاج خطوط تساوي الهطل الأعظمي بأزمنة مختلفة في حوض نهر الكبير الشمالي
Abstract
يقع حوض نهر الكبير الشمالي شمال الساحل السوري بين خطي طول ﹰ40 ﹶ45 º35، و ﹰ05 ﹶ15 º36 شرق خط غرينتش، وخطي عرض ﹰ30 ﹶ28 º35 ، و ﹰ00 ﹶ59 º35 شمال خط الاستواء، تبلغ مساحته حوالي 1100 كم²، وتتراوح الارتفاعات الطبوغرافية في منطقة الدراسة من 0 إلى 1700، تهدف الدراسة إلى إيجاد خطوط تساوي الهطل اليومي الأعظمي باحتمالات مختلفة، واستنتاج كمية الهطل من أجل أية مدة زمنية لاستخدامها في الحسابات الهيدرولوجية، من أجل ذلك اعتمدنا على معطيات الهطل المطري اليومي في 10 محطات موزعة بشكل جيد على مساحة الحوض، ورُسمت خطوط تساوي الهطل اليومي الأعظمي باحتمالات مختلفة باستخدام طريقة spline، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن قيمة الهطل اليومي الأعظمي قد تراوحت بين 105 و170 مم لزمن عودة مقداره 100 سنة، بينما تراوحت تلك القيم بين 60 و111 مم لزمن عودة مقداره 2 سنة، وتوصلت أيضاً إلى وضع علاقة بين الهطل اليومي الأعظمي والهطل ذي المدة D.
The research area presents the natural bounders of the Al-Kabeer Al-Shamali watershed. They are between 35 28' 30" , 35 59' 00" latitude in the north, and 35 45' 40", 36 15' 5" longitude in the east of Greenwich. The area of the studying basin is about 1100 km² and the topographic elevations is between 0 to1700 m. The study aim is to estimate a maximum daily rainfall contours with different probabilities, and estimating rainfall depth for any duration that can be used in hydrologic studies, for that we depended on daily rainfall data recorded in 10 rain gages, these rain gages have good distribution on basin area, and maximum daily rainfall contours with different probabilities are estimated by Spline method. This study comes up with up the fact that the maximum daily rainfall depth was between (105-165)mm for 100 year return period and between (60-95)mm for 2 year return period, and relationship between daily rainfall and D duration rainfall was found.
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