الكشف المبكر عن سرطان الثدي بإجراء الفحص الذاتي لدى الطالبات في جامعة تشرين
Abstract
يعد السرطان بشكل عام المسبب الثاني للوفاة بعد أمراض ألقلب والأوعية في البلدان المتقدمة, ويحتل سرطان الثدي في سورية المرتبة الأولى عند النساء من حيث الانتشار. ويؤثر التشخيص المبكر لسرطان الثدي على معدل الشفاء ومعدل البقيا لدى المصابات ، ويعدُّ فحص الثدي الذاتي وسيلة مهمة, بسيطة، غير مكلفة وتقوم به السيدة نفسها للكشف المبكر عن سرطان الثدي بعد سن العشرين. هدف هذه الدراسة هو معرفة ومدى تطبيق الطالبات في جامعة تشرين لفحص الثدي الذاتي, فقد تم جمع العينة والبالغة 200 طالبة من جامعة تشرين بعمر 18-24 سنة بطريقة الاختيار الملائم غير الاحتمالي, وقد أظهرت النتائج أن أكثر من نصف العينة (65 %) ليس لديهن معرفة حول فحص الثدي الذاتي, غالبية الطالبات (87,5%) لا يقمن بفحص الثدي ذاتياً, كان السبب لدى (68%) منهن هو عدم معرفتهم بطريقة الإجراء, وكما تبين أن نسبة كبيرة من الطالبات (60%) اللواتي يعرفن كيفية إجراء الفحص الذاتي للثدي لا يقمن بإجرائه بشكل منتظم, لذلك اقترح تصميم وتنفيذ برامج تثقيفية حول أهمية وفوائد وطريقة فحص الثدي الذاتي, والتركيز على دور الكادر الطبي والتمريضي كمصدر للمعلومات المتعلقة بفحص الثدي الذاتي.
Among the most common causes of death, cancer holds second place after cardiovascular diseases in developed countries. In Syria, it is the most common malignant neoplasm in women. Early diagnosis of breast cancer possibly influences the rates of patient improvement and increases life quality survival. Breast self examination is an important, inexpensive means carried out by women themselves; it is a cheap and easy method in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. In this study, knowledge and practice of breast self-examination were examined; a non-randomized convenient sample of 200 female students aged 18-24 years is selected from Tishreen University in Lattakia City. The majority of the study sample (%87,5) haven't performed breast self-examination. When asked why not, (68%) of them have stated that they do not know how to perform it, (60 %) of them (who do perform it) have irregularly performed breast self- examination. Design and implementation of Breast cancer screening educational program about important, benefits and practice of breast self-examination should emphasize encouraging female students to do it.
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